(bright upbeat music) >> Welcome back to theCube's coverage of AWS re:Invent 2021. This is "theCube". We go out to the events. We extract the signal from the noise. We're here at a live event, hybrid event, two sets. We had two remote studios prior to the event, over 100 interviews. Really excited to have George Elissaios here. He's the director of product management for EC2 Edge, really interesting topic at AWS. George, great to see you. Thanks for coming on. >> Yeah, great to be here. Thanks for having me. >> So, everybody's talking about Edge, IoT, EC2. What's the scope of your portfolio, your responsibility? >> Yeah, well, our vision here at AWS is to really bring the power of the AWS platform wherever customers need it. AWS wherever our customers want it is our long-term vision. And we have a bunch of products in this space that help us do that and help us enable our customers whatever their use case is. So we have things like Wavelength. I know we talked about Wavelength before here in "theCube", where we bring full AWS service at the edge of the 5G network, so with 5G edge computing in partnership with telcos worldwide, our partnership with Verizon in the US has been flourishing. We're up to, I think, 15 or more Wavelength zones right now in many of the major cities in the US, but also in Japan and Korea, and in Europe with Vodafone. So that's one of the portfolio kind of offerings. And that helps you as a customer of AWS if you want to have the best latency to mobile devices, whether they are sensors, or mobile phones, or what have you. But we're also feeling out that Edge portfolio with local zones. Earlier today in Werner's keynote, we announced that we're going to launch another 30 local zones in 20 new countries, everywhere from South America, Africa, Asia, Australia, and Europe, obviously. So a lot of expansion there. Very excited about that. And that is kind of a similar offering, but it basically brings you closer to customers in metropolitan areas over the internet. >> So, Wavelength's a big feature. George, I want to get just to touch on it because I think latency comes up a lot in Edge conversations, low latency issues, whether it's cars, factories. You guys gave a demo yesterday to the press corps in the press room, I was there, where you had someone in San Francisco from the Opera and someone in person here in Vegas, and you had 13 milliseconds going back and forth demoing, real time- >> Collaboration. >> The benefit of low latency in remote. It wasn't next door. It was San Francisco. This is kind of the purpose of what Edge is about. Can you explain what that means, that demo, why it was important, and what you were trying to show, and how does it mean for the Edge? >> So there is multiple use cases. One of them is human collaboration, right? Like, we spent the last two years of our lives over conferences and kind of like the teleconferences, and trying to talk over each other and unmute ourselves desperately. But existing solutions kind of work, generally, for most of the things that we do, but when it comes to music collaboration where milliseconds matter, it's a lot harder with existing solutions to get artists to collaborate when they're hundreds of miles away. Last night, we saw a really inspiring demo, I think, of how two top tier musicians, one located in San Francisco and one located in Vegas, can collaborate in opera, which is one of the most precise art forms in the music world. There are no beats in opera to kind of synchronize, so you really need to play off each other, right? So we provided a latency between them of less than 30 milliseconds, which translates, if you're thinking about audio or if you're thinking about the speed of sound, that's like being in the same stage. And that was very inspiring. But there's also a lot of use cases that are machine to machine communications, where even lower latencies matter, and we can think of latencies down to one millisecond, like single digit milliseconds when it comes to, for example, vehicles or robots, and things like that. So we're, with our products, we're enabling customers to drive down that latency, but also the jitter, which is the variation of latency. Especially in human communications, that is almost more important than latency itself. Your mind can adapt to latency, and you can start predicting what's going to happen, but if I'm keep changing that for you, that becomes even harder. >> Well, this is what I want to get to because you got outcomes and applications like this opera example. That's an application, I guess. So working backwards from the application, that's one thing, but now people are really starting to trying to figure out, "What is the Edge?" So I have to ask you, what is AWS's Edge? Is it Outpost, Wavelength? What do people buy to make the Edge work? >> Well, for us, is providing a breadth of services that our customers can either use holistically or combine multiple of those. So a really good example, for example, is DISH Wireless. I'm sure you know we're building with DISH the first in the world mobile network, 5G mobile network fully on cloud, right? So these combines Outposts and combines local zones in order to distribute the 5G network across nationwide. And different parts of their applications live in different edges, right? The local zone, the Outputs, and the region itself. So we have our customers... You know, I talked about how local zones is going to be, you know, in total, 45 cities in the world, right? We're already in 15 in the U.S. We're going to do another 30. But customers might still come, and say, "Oh, why are you not," you know, "in "in Costa Rica?" Well, we'll have Outposts in Costa Rica. So you could build your own offering there, or you could build on top of Outputs while you distribute the rest of your workload in existing AWS offering. So to answer your question, John, there is no single answer. I think that it is per use case and per workload that customers are going to combine or choose which one of- >> Okay, so let's go through local zones. Explain what a local zone is real quick. I know we covered it a bit last year with the virtual event, but local zones are now part of the nomenclature of the AWS language. >> Yes. >> And we know what a region is, right? So regions are regions. What's a local zone? >> When your region's saying new availability zones, and then we're just (chuckles)- >> You got availability zones. Now you got local zones. Take us through the topology, if you will, of how to think about this. >> Right, so a local zone is a fully-managed AWS infrastructure deployment. So it's owned and managed and operated by AWS. And because of that, it offers you the same elasticity, and security, and all of the goodies of the cloud, but it's positioned closer to your end customers or to your own deployment. So it's positioned in the local urban, metropolitan or industrial center closer to you. So if you think about the U.S., for example, we have a few regions, like, in the East Coast and in the West Coast, but now, we're basically extending these regions, and we're bringing more and more services to 15 cities. So if you are in Miami, there is a local zone there. If you are in LA, there is two locals zones actually in LA. That enables customers to run two different types of workloads. One is these distributed clouds or distributed Edge kind of workload that we've been hearing more and more about. Think of gaming, for example, right? Like, we have customers that are, like Supercell, that need to be closer to the gamers, wherever they are. So they're going to be using a bunch of local zones to deploy. And also, we have these hyper-local use cases, where we're talking, for example, about Netflix that are enabling in LA their creative artists to connect locally and get like as low as single millisecond latencies. So local zone is like an availability zone, but it's closer to you. It offers the same scalability, the same elasticity, the same security and the same services as the AWS cloud. And it connects back to the regions to offer you the full breadth of the platform. >> So just to clarify, so the Edge strategy essentially is to bring the cloud, AWS, the primitives, the APIs, to where the customers are in instances where they either can't move or won't move their resources into the cloud, or there's no connectivity? >> Right, we have a bunch of use cases where customers either need to be there because of regulation or because of some data gravity, so data is being generated in a specific place and you need to locally process it, or we'll have customers in this distributed use case. But I think that you're pointing out a very important thing, which is a common factor across all of these offerings. It's it is the cloud. It's not like a copycat of the cloud. It's the same API. It's the same services that you already know and use, et cetera. So extending the cloud rather than copying it around is our vision, and getting those customers who, well, connectivity obviously needs to be there. We were offering AWS Private 5G. We talked about it yesterday. >> Now, a premise that we've had is that a lot of Edge use cases will be driven by AI inferencing. And so... First of all, is that a reasonable premise, that's growing, we think, very quickly, and it has huge potential. What does the compute, if that's the correct premise, what does the compute look like for that type of workload? >> That is a great premise, and that's why we think that the model that we're offering is so powerful, because you have the Edge and the cloud fully cooperating and being connected together. You know, the Edge is a resource that's more limited than the full cloud in the AWS region. So when you're doing inferencing, what you really want to do is you want to train your models back up in the region where you get more scalability and the best prices. You know, you have the full scale of AWS. But for the latency-sensitive parts of your applications, you want to push those to the Edge. So when you're doing the actual inferencing, not the training of the models- >> Real time. Yeah. >> Real time, you push that to the Edge, whether that's if your connectivity is 5G, you can push that into a Wavelength zone. If your connectivity is wired, you can push it into a local zone. If you really need it to be in your data center, you can push it in your Outposts. So you see how our kind of like building out for all of those use cases. >> But in those instances, I'm interested in what the compute looks like, 'cause I presume it's got to be low power, low cost, super high performance. I mean, all of those things that are good for data-driven workloads. >> Right, the power, if we think here, is the same compute that you know and love in the cloud. So the same EC2 instance types, the EBS volumes, the S3 for storage, or RDS for your databases and EMR clusters. You can use the same service. And the compute is the same powerful all the way down from the hardware up to the service. >> And is the promise to customers that eventually those... It's not all of those services, right? I mean, you go to Outposts today, it continues to grow. >> Continuing to grow, yeah. Right, so but conceptually, as many services you could possibly push to the Edge, you intend to do so? >> We are pushing services according to customer requests, but also there is a nuance here. The nuance is that you push down the services that are truly latency-sensitive. You don't need to push everything down to the Edge when you're talking about latency- >> Like, what's an example of what you wouldn't push down? >> So management tools, right? So when you're doing monitoring and management, yeah, you don't need these to be at the Edge. You can do that, and you can scale that. Or, you know, batch processing, it doesn't have to be at the Edge because it's, by definition, not online, not like a latency service. So we're keeping those, like AWS Batch, for example, that's in the region because, you know, that's where customers really use it. But things like EC2, EBS, EMR, we're pushing those to the Edge because those are more- >> We got two minutes left. I want to get the Outposts kind of update. I remember when Outposts launched. It was really a seminal moment for re:Invent. Hybrid. "Oh, Andy Jassy said hybrid." Yeah. "I'll never say hybrid." But now hybrid's kind of translated into all cloud operations. Now you got local zones. A lot's changed from Amazon Web Services standpoint since Outposts launched. Local zones, things are happening. 5G, DISH. Now what's the status of Outposts? Are you guys happy with it? What has it morphed into? Is it still the same game? What is Outposts today, vis-a-vis what people may think it is or isn't? >> Yeah, we've been focusing in what we're talking about, building out a number of services that customers request, but also being in more and more places. So I think we're in more than 60, now, countries with Outposts. We've seen very good adoption. We've seen very good feedback. You know, half of my EBCs have been on Outposts, but this year, I think that one of the most exciting announcements were the Outposts servers. So the smaller form factors that enable an additional use cases, like for example, retail or even building your 5G networks. You know, one of our partners, Mavenir, is moving their 5G core, so the smarts of the network that does all the routing, on Outposts servers, and we can distribute those all over the place. So, we're keeping on the innovation. We're keeping on the expansion. And we've been getting very good customer feedback- >> So all steam ahead, full steam ahead? >> Full steam ahead plus 10%. (John laughs) >> All right, guys. Thank you so much, George. Really appreciate it. We're seeing the cloud expand. The definition is growing, kind of like the universe, John. Dave Vellante for John John Furrier. You're watching "theCube" at AWS re:Invent, the leader in high tech coverage globally. We'll be right back.

>>Hey, welcome back everyone. We're here live here in San Francisco for Amazon web services summit. This is the smaller event compared to reinvent the big conference in Vegas, which we were broadcasting live. I'm John furry, the founder's SiliconANGLE. This is the cube. Our flagship program where we go out to the events district to see live from the noise and a an Amazon show would not be complete without talking to the Amazon guys directly about what's going on under the hood. And our next guest is ADI Krishnan and Ryan Wade have run the Canisius teams. Guys, welcome to the cube. So we, Dave Vellante and I was not here unfortunately. He has another commitment but we were going Gaga over the says we'd love red shift in love with going with the data. I see glaciers really low cost options, the store stuff, but when you start adding on red shift and you know can, he says you're adding in some new features that really kind of really pointed where the market's game, which is I need to deal with real time stuff. >>I'll need to deal with a lot of data. I need to manage it effectively at a low latency across any work use case. Okay. So how the hell do you come up with an ISA? Give us the insight into how it all came together. We'd love the real time. We'd love how it's all closing the loop if you will for developer. Just take us through how it came about. What are some of the stats now post re-invent share with us will be uh, the Genesis for Canisius was trying to solve our metering problem. The metering problem inside of AWS is how do we keep track with how our customers are using our products. So every time a customer does a read out of dynamo DB or they read a file out of S3 or they do some sort of transaction with any of our products, that generates a meeting record, it's tens of millions of records per second and tens of terabytes per hour. >>So it's a big workload. And what we were trying to do is understand how to transition from being a batch oriented processing where we using large hitting clusters to process all that data to a continuous processing where we could read all of that data in real time and make decisions on that data in real time. So you basically had created an aspirin for yourself is Hey, a little pain point internally, right? Yeah. It's kind of an example of us building a product to solve some of our own problems first and then making that available to the public. Okay. So when you guys do your Amazon thing, which I've gotten to know about it a little bit, the culture there, you guys kind of break stuff, kind of the quote Zuckerberg, you guys build kind of invented that philosophy, you know stuff good. Quickly iterating fast. So you saw your own problem and then was there an aha moment like hell Dan, this is good. We can bring it out in the market. What were customers asking for at the same time was kind of a known use case. Did you bring it to the market? What happened next? >>We spend a lot of time talking to a lot of customers. I mean that was kind of the logistical, uh, we had customers from all different sorts of investigative roles. Uh, financial services, consumer online services from manufacturing conditional attic come up to us and say, we have this canonical workflow. This workflow is about getting data of all of these producers, uh, the sources of data. They didn't have a way to aggregate that data and then driving it through a variety of different crossing systems to ultimately light up different data stores. Are these data source could be native to AWS stores like S3 time would be be uh, they could be a more interesting, uh, uh, higher data warehousing services like Gretchen. But the key thing was how do we deal with all this massive amount of data that's been producing real time, ingested, reliably scale it elastically and enable continuous crossing in the data. >>Yeah, we always loved the word of last tickets. You know, a term that you guys have built your business around being elastic. You need some new means. You have a lot of flexibility and that's a key part of being agile. But I want you guys at while we're here in the queue, define Kenny SIS for the folks out there, what the hell is it? Define it for the record. Then I have some specific questions I want to ask. Uh, so Canisius is a new service for processing huge amounts of streaming data in real time. Shortens and scales elastically. So as your data volume increases or decreases the service grows with you. And so like a no JS error log or an iPhone data. This is an example of this would be example of streaming. Yeah, exactly. You can imagine that you were tailing a whole bunch of logs coming off of servers. >>You could also be watching event streams coming out of a little internet of things type devices. Um, one of our customers we're talking about here is a super cell who's capturing in gain data from their game, Pasha, the plans. So as you're playing clash of the plans, you're tapping on the screen. All of that data is captured in thesis and then processed by my super Supercell. And this is validated. I mean obviously you mentioned some of the use cases you needed of things, just a sensor network to wearable computers or whatever. Mobile phones, I'll see event data coming off machines. So you've got machine data, you've got human data, got application data. That's kind of the data sets we're seeing with Kinesis, right? Traverse set. Um, also attraction with trends like spark out of Berkeley. You seeing in memory does this kind of, is this in your wheelhouse? >>How does that all relate to, cause you guys have purpose-built SSDs now in your new ECQ instances and all this new modern gear we heard in the announcements. How does all the in-memory stuff affect the Canisius service? It's a great question. When you can imagine as Canisius is being a great service for capturing all of that data that's being generated by, you know, hundreds of thousands or millions of sources, it gets sent to Canisius where we replicated across three different availability zones. That data is then made available for applications to process those that are processing that data could be Hadoop clusters, they could be your own Kaloosas applications. And it could be a spark cluster. And so writing spark applications that are processing that data in real time is a, it's a great use case and the in memory capabilities and sparker probably ideal for being able to process data that's stored in pieces. >>Okay. So let's talk about some of the connecting the dots. So Canisius works in conjunction with what other services are you seeing that is being adopted most right now? Now see I mentioned red shift, I'm just throwing that in there. I'll see a data warehousing tool seeing a lot of business tells. So basically people are playing with data, a lot of different needs for the data. So how does connect through the stack? I think they are the number one use case we see is customers capturing all of this data and then archiving all of it right away to S3 just been difficult to capture everything. Right. And even if you did, you probably could keep it for a little while and then you had to get, do you have to get rid of it? But, uh, with the, the prices for us three being so low and Canisius being so easy to capture tiny rights, these little tiny tales of log data, they're coming out of your servers are little bits of data coming off of mobile devices capture all of that, aggregate it and put it in S3. >>That's the number one use case we see as customers are becoming more sophisticated with using Kinesis, they then begin to run real time dashboards on top of Kinesis data. So you could, there's all the data into dynamo DB where you could push all that data into even something like Redshift and run analytics on top of that. The final cases, people in doing real time decision making based on PISA. So once you've got all this data coming in, putting it into a dynamo DB or Redshift or EMR, you then process it and then start making decisions, automated decisions that take advantage of them. So essentially you're taking STEM the life life cycle of kind of like man walking the wreck at some point. Right? It's like they start small, they store the data, usually probably a developer problem just in efficiencies. Log file management is a disaster. >>We know it's a pain in the butt for developers. So step one is solve that pain triage, that next step is okay I'm dashboard, I'm starting to learn about the data and then three is more advanced like real time decision making. So like now that I've got the data coming in in real time and not going to act. Yeah, so when I want to bring that up, this is more of a theoretical kind of orthogonal conversation is where you guys are basically doing is we look, we like that Silicon angles like the point out to kind of what's weird in the market and kind of why it's important and that is the data things. There's something to do with data. It really points to a new developer. Fair enough. And I want to give you guys comments on this. No one's really come out yet and said here's a development kit or development environment for data. >>You see companies like factual doing some amazing stuff. I don't know if you know those guys just met with um, new Relic. They launched kind of this data off the application. So you seeing, you seeing what you guys are doing, you can imagine that now the developer framework is, Hey I had to deal with as a resource constraint so you haven't seen it. So I want to get your thoughts. Do you see that happening in that direction? How will data be presented to developers? Is it going to be abstracted away? Will there be development environments? Is it matter? And just organizing the data, what's your vision around? So >>that's really good person because we've got customers that come up to us and say I want to mail real time data with batch processing or I have my data that is right now lots of little data and now I want to go ahead and aggregate it to make sense of it over a longer period of time. And there's a lot of theory around how data should be modeled, how we should be represented. But the way we are taking the evolution set is really learning from our customers and customers come up and say we need the ability to capture data quickly. But then what I want to do is apply my existing Hadoop stack and tools to my data because then you won't understand that. And as a response to that classroom demand, uh, was the EMR connect. Somehow customers can use say hi queries or cascading scripts and apply that to real time data. That can means is ingesting. Another response to pass was, was the, that some customers that would really liked the, the, the stream processing construct a storm. And so on, our step over there was to say, okay, we shipped the Canisius storm spout, so now customers can bring their choice of matter Dame in and mail back with Canisius. So I think the, the short answer there right now is that, >>you know, it's crazy. It's really early, right? I would also add like, like just with, uh, as with have you, there's so many different ways to process data in the real time space. They're going to be so many different ways that people process that data. There's never going to be a single tool that you use for processing real time data. It's a lot of tools and it adapts to the way that people think about data. So this also brings us back to the dev ops culture, which you guys essentially founded Amazon early in the early days and you know I gotta give you credit for that and you guys deserve it. Dev ops was really about building from the ground good cloud, which post.com bubble. Really the thing about that's Amazon's, you've lived your own, your own world, right? To survive with lesson and help other developers. >>But that brings up a good point, right? So okay, data's early and I'm now going to be advancing slowly. Can there be a single architecture for dealing with data or is it going to be specialized systems? You're seeing Oracle made some mates look probably engineered systems. You seeing any grade stacks work? What's the take on the data equation? I'm not just going to do because of the data out the internet of things data. What is the refer architecture right now? I think what we're going to see is a set of patterns that we can do alone and people will be using those patterns for doing particular types of processing. Uh, one of the other teams that I run at is the fraud detection team and we use a set of machine learning algorithms to be able to continuously monitor usage of the cloud, to identify patterns of behavior which are indicative of fraud. >>Um, that kind of pattern of use is very different than I'm doing clickstream analysis and the kind of pattern that we use for doing that would naturally be different. I think we're going to see a canonical set of patterns. I don't know if we're going to see a very particular set of technologies. Yeah. So that brings us back to the dev ops things. So how do I want to get your take on this? Because dev ops is really about efficiencies. Software guys don't want to be hardware guys the other day. That's how it all started. I don't want to provision the network. I don't want a stack of servers. I just want to push code and then you guys have crazy, really easy ways to make that completely transparent. But now you joke about composite application development. You're saying, Hey, I'm gonna have an EMR over here for my head cluster and then a deal with, so maybe fraud detection stream data, it's going to be a different system than a Duke or could be a relational database. >>Now I need to basically composite we build an app. That's what we're talking about here. Composite construction resource. Is that kind of the new dev ops 2.0 maybe. So we'll try to tease out here's what's next after dev ops. I mean dev ops really means there's no operations. And how does a developer deal with these kinds of complex environments like fraud detection, maybe application here, a container for this bass. So is it going to be fully composite? Well, I don't know if we run the full circuit with the dev ops development models. It's a great model. It's worked really well for a number of startups. However, making it easy to be able to plug different components together. I get just a great idea. So, like as ADI mentioned just a moment ago, our ability to take data and Kinesis and pump that right into a elastic MapReduce. >>It's great. And it makes it easy for people to use their existing applications with a new system like pieces that kind of composing of applications. It's worth well for a long time. And I think you're just going to see us continuing to do more and more of that kind of work. So I'm going to ask both of you guys a question. Give me an example of when something broke internally. This is not in a sound, John, I don't go negative here, but you got your, part of your culture is, is to move fast, iterate. So when you, these important projects like Canisius give me an example of like, that was a helpful way in which I stumbled. What did you learn? What was the key pain points of the evolution of getting it out the door and what key things did you learn from media success or kind of a speed bump or a failure along the way? >>Well, I think, uh, I think one of the first things we learned right after we chipped and we were still in a limited previous and we were trying it out with our customers who are getting feedback and learning with, uh, what they wanted to change in the product. Uh, one of the first things that we learned was that the, uh, the amount of time that it took to put data into Canisius and receive a return code was too high for a lot of our customers. It was probably around a hundred milliseconds for the, that you put the data in to the time that we've replicated that data across multiple availability zones and return success to the client. Uh, that was, that was a moment for us to really think about what it meant to enable people to be pushing tons of data into pieces. And we went back a hundred milliseconds. >>That's low, no bad. But right away we went back and doubled our efforts and we came back in around, you know, somewhere between 30 and 40 milliseconds depending on your network connectivity. Hey, the old days, that was, that was the spitting disc of the art. 10, 20 Meg art. It's got a VC. That's right. Those Lotus files out, you know, seeing those windows files. So you guys improve performance. So that's an example. You guys, what's the biggest surprise that you guys have seen from a customer use case that was kind of like, wow, this is really something that we didn't see happening on a, on a larger scale that caught me by surprise. >>Uh, I is in use case it'd be a corner use case. Like, well, I'd never figured that, you know, I would say like, uh, some of the one thing that actually surprised us was how common it is for people to have multiple applications reading out of the same stream. Uh, like again, the basic use case for so many customers is I'm going to take all this data and I'm just going to throw it into S3. Uh, and we kind of envisioned that there might be a couple of different applications reading data of that stream. We have a couple of customers that actually have uh, as many as three applications that are reading that stream of events that are coming out of Kinesis. Each one of them is reading from a different position in the stream. They're able to read from different locations, process that data differently. >>But uh, but the idea that cleanses is so different from traditional queuing systems and yet provides, uh, a real time emotionality and that multiple applications can read from it. That was, that was a bit of a versa. The number one use case right now, who's adopting, can you sit there, watch folks watching out there, did the Canisius brain trust right here with an Amazon? Um, what are the killer no brainer scenarios that you're seeing on the uptake side right now that people should be aware of that they haven't really kicked the tires on Kinesis where they should be? What should they be looking at? I think the number one use case is log and ingestion. So like I'm tailing logs that are coming off of web servers, my application servers, uh, data that's just being produced continuously who grab all that data. And very easily put it into something like us through the beauty of that model is I now have all the logo that I got it off of all of my hosts as quickly as possible and I can go do log nights later if there's a problem that is the slam dunk use case for using crisis. >>Uh, there are other scenarios that are beginning to emerge as well. I don't know audio if you want to talk, that's many interesting and lots of customers are doing so already is emit data from all sorts of devices. So this is, these devices are not just your smartphones and tablets that are practically food computing machines, but also seemingly low power, seemingly dumb devices. And the design remains the same. There are millions of these out there and having the ability to capture that in a day produce in real time is, you know, I think just, uh, just to highlight that, one of things I'm hearing on the cube interviews, all the customers we talk to is the number one thing is I just got to scroll the date. I know what I want to do with it yet. Now that's a practice that's a hangover from the BI data warehouse in business of just store from a compliance reasons now, which is basically like, that's like laser as far as I'm concerned. >>Traditional business intelligence systems are like their version of Galatians chipped out somewhere and give me those reports. Five weeks later they come back. But that's different. Now you see people store that data and they realize that I need to touch it faster. I don't know yet when, that's why I'm teasing out this whole development 2.0 model because I'm just seeing more and more people want the data hanging around but not fully parked out in Malaysia or some sort of, you know, compliance storage. So there's, you know, I think, I think I kind of understand where you're going. There's a, I'm going to use a model for like how we used to do BI analytics and our own internal data warehouse. I also run the data warehouse for AWS. Um, and the classic BI model there is somebody asks a question, we go off and we just do some analysis and if it's a question that we're going to ask repeatedly, we don't, you know, a special fact table or a dimensional view or something to be able to grind through that particular view and do it very quickly. >>A Kunis is offers a different kind of data processing model, which is I'm collecting all of the data and make it easy to capture everything, but now I can start doing things like, Oh, there's, there's certain pieces of data that I want to respond to you quickly. Just like we would create dimensional views that would give us access to particular sets of data and very quick pace. We can now also respond to when those events are generated very quickly. Well, you guys are the young guns in the industry now. I'm a little bit older and the gray hair showing, we actually use the word data processing back in the day. The data processing that the DP department or the MIS department, if you remember those those days, MIS was the management information. Are we going back to those terms? I mean we're looking at look what's happening. >>Is it the software mainframe in the cloud? I mean these are some of the words you're using. Just data processing data pipeline. Well, I my S that's my work, but I mean we're back to those old school stuff but different, well and I think those kinds of very generic terms make a lot of sense for what we're doing is we, especially as we move into these brand new spaces like wow, what do I do with real time data? Like real time data processing is kind of the third type of big data processing or data warehousing was the first time I know what my data looks like. I've created indices like a pre computation of the data, uh, uh, Hadoop clusters and the MapReduce model was kind of the second wave of big data processing and realtime processing I think will be the third way. I think our process, well, I'm getting the hook here, but I got to just say, you guys are doing an amazing job. >>We're big fans of Amazon. I always say that, uh, you know, it was very rare in the history the world. We look at innovations like the printing press, the Wright brothers discover, you know, flying and things like we, Amazon with cloud. You guys have done something that's pretty amazing. But what I find fascinating is it's very rare to see a company that's commoditizing and disrupting and innovating at the same time. And it's really a unique value proposition and the competition is responding. IBM, Google. So you guys have a lot of targets painted on your back by a lot of big players. So, uh, one congratulations on your success, which means that you, you know, you're not going to go in the open field and fight the, the British if they said use the American revolution analogy. You've got to continue to compete. So what's your view of that? >>I mean, and I'm sure you don't talk about competition. You'd probably told him not to talk about it, but I mean, you got to know that all the guns are on you right now. The big guys are putting up the sea wall for your wave of innovation. How do you guys deal with that? It's just cause it's not like we, we ignore our competitors but we obsess about our customers, right? Like it's just constantly looking for what are people trying to do and how can we help them and can seem like a very simple strategy. But the strategy is built with people want and we get a lot of great feedback on how we can make our products better. And it certainly will force you to up your game when you have the competition citing on you. You've got more focused on the customer, which is cool. >>But like you guys kind of aware of like games on, I mean Amazon is at any given a little pep talk, Hey, game is on guys. Let's rock and roll. Right? You guys are aware, right? I think we're totally wearing, I think we're actually sometimes a little surprised at how long it's taken to our competitors to kind of get into this industry with us. So, uh, again, as Andy talked about earlier today, we've had eight years in the cloud computing market. It's been a great eight years and we have a lot of work to do, a lot of stuff that we're going to be almost ready for middle school. Um, final final question for you guys and give you the final word here. Share the photos on the last word is why is this show so important, right this point in time in this market. Why is this environment of the thousands of people that are here learning about Amazon, why, what should they know about why this is such an important advance? I think our summits are a great opportunity for us to share with customers how to use our AWS services. Learn firsthand from not only our hands on labs, but also our partners that are providing information about how they use AWS resources. It's, it's a great opportunity to meet a lot of people that are taking advantage of the cloud computing wave and see how to use the cloud most effectively. >>It's a great time to be in the cloud right now and the Olin's amazing services coming up. There's no better mind now of people coming together and so that's probably as good reasons. Then you guys are doing a great job disrupting change in the future. Modern enterprise and modern business, modern applications. Excited to watch it. If you guys keep focusing on your customer, but that customer base, you keep up the pace that's sick. That question, can you finish the race? That's what I always tell Dave a lot. They, I know Jay's watching Dave. Shout out to Dave Volante, who's on the mobile app right now is traveling. Guys, thanks for coming inside. Can he says great stuff. Closing the loop real time. Amazon really building it out. Thanks for coming on. If you'd be right back with our next guest after this short break. Thank you.