>>Hello everybody. I am Toshihiko Nishimura from Stanford. University is there to TTT out here, super aging, global OMIM global transportation group about infections, uh, or major point of concerns. In addition, this year, we have the COVID-19 pandemic. As you can see here, while the why the new COVID-19 patients are still increasing, meanwhile, case count per day in the United state, uh, beginning to decrease this pandemic has changed our daily life to digital transformation. Even today, the micro segmentation is being conducted online and doctor and the nurse care, uh, now increase to telemedicine. Likewise, the drug development process is in need of major change paradigm shift, especially in vaccine in drug development for COVID-19 is, should be safe, effective, and faster >>In the >>Anastasia department, which is the biggest department in school of medicine. We have Stanford, a love for drug device development, regulatory science. So cold. Say the DDT RDS chairman is Ron Paul and this love leaderships are long mysel and stable shaper. In the drug development. We have three major pains, one exceedingly long duration that just 20 years huge budget, very low success rate general overview in the drug development. There are Discoverly but clinical clinical stage, as you see here, Tang. Yes. In clinical stage where we sit, say, what are the programs in D D D R S in each stages or mix program? Single cell programs, big data machine learning, deep learning, AI mathematics, statistics programs, humanized animal, the program SNS program engineering program. And we have annual symposium. Today's the, my talk, I do like to explain limitation of my science significance of humanized. My science out of separate out a program. I focused on humanized program. I believe this program is potent game changer for drug development mouse. When we think of animal experiment, many people think of immediately mouse. We have more than 30 kinds of inbred while the type such as chief 57, black KK yarrow, barber C white and so on using QA QC defined. Why did the type mice 18 of them gave him only one intervention using mouse, genomics analyzed, computational genetics. And then we succeeded to pick up fish one single gene in a week. >>We have another category of gene manipulated, mice transgenic, no clout, no Kamal's group. So far registered 40,000 kind as over today. Pretty critical requirement. Wrong FDA PMDA negative three sites are based on arteries. Two kinds of animal models, showing safety efficacy, combination of two animals and motel our mouse and the swine mouse and non-human primate. And so on mouse. Oh, Barry popular. Why? Because mouse are small enough, easy to handle big database we had and cost effective. However, it calls that low success rate. Why >>It, this issue speculation, low success rate came from a gap between preclinical the POC and the POC couldn't stay. Father divided into phase one. Phase two has the city FDA unsolved to our question. Speculation in nature biology using 7,372 new submissions, they found a 68 significant cradle out crazy too, to study approved by the process. And in total 90 per cent Radia in the clinical stages. What we can surmise from this study, FDA confirmed is that the big discrepancy between POC and clinical POC in another ward, any amount of data well, Ms. Representative for human, this nature bio report impacted our work significantly. >>What is a solution for this discrepancy? FDA standards require the people data from two species. One species is usually mice, but if the reported 90% in a preclinical data, then huge discrepancy between pretty critical POC in clinical POC. Our interpretation is data from mice, sometime representative, actually mice, and the humor of different especially immune system and the diva mice liver enzyme are missing, which human Liba has. This is one huge issue to be taught to overcome this problem. We started humanized mice program. What kind of human animals? We created one humanized, immune mice. The other is human eyes, DBA, mice. What is the definition of a humanized mice? They should have human gene or human cells or human tissues or human organs. Well, let me share one preclinical stages. Example of a humanized mouse that is polio receptor mice. This problem led by who was my mentor? Polio virus. Well, polio virus vaccine usually required no human primate to test in 13 years, collaboration with the FDA w H O polio eradication program. Finally FDA well as w H O R Purdue due to the place no human primate test to transgenic PVL. This is three. Our principle led by loss around the botch >>To move before this humanized mouse program, we need two other bonds donut outside your science, as well as the CPN mouse science >>human hormone, like GM CSF, Whoah, GCSF producing or human cytokine. those producing emoji mice are required in the long run. Two maintain human cells in their body under generation here, South the generation here, Dr. already created more than 100 kinds based on Z. The 100 kinds of Noe mice, we succeeded to create the human immune mice led the blood. The cell quite about the cell platelets are beautifully constituted in an mice, human and rebar MAs also succeeded to create using deparent human base. We have AGN diva, humanized mouse, American African human nine-thirty by mice co-case kitchen, humanized mice. These are Hennessy humanized, the immune and rebar model. On the other hand, we created disease rebar human either must to one example, congenital Liba disease, our guidance Schindel on patient model. >>The other model, we have infectious DDS and Waddell council Modell and GVH Modell. And so on creature stage or phase can a human itemize apply. Our objective is any stage. Any phase would be to, to propose. We propose experiment, pose a compound, which showed a huge discrepancy between. If Y you show the huge discrepancy, if Y is lucrative analog and the potent anti hepatitis B candidate in that predict clinical stage, it didn't show any toxicity in mice got dark and no human primate. On the other hand, weighing into clinical stage and crazy to October 15, salvage, five of people died and other 10 the show to very severe condition. >>Is that the reason why Nicole traditional the mice model is that throughout this, another mice Modell did not predict this severe side outcome. Why Zack humanized mouse, the Debar Modell demonstrate itself? Yes. Within few days that chemistry data and the puzzle physiology data phase two and phase the city requires huge number of a human subject. For example, COVID-19 vaccine development by Pfizer, AstraZeneca Moderna today, they are sample size are Southeast thousand vaccine development for COVID-19. She Novak UConn in China books for the us Erica Jones on the Johnson in unite United Kingdom. Well, there are now no box us Osaka Osaka, university hundred Japan. They are already in phase two industry discovery and predict clinical and regulatory stage foster in-app. However, clinical stage is a studious role because that phases required hugely number or the human subject 9,000 to 30,000. Even my conclusion, a humanized mouse model shortens the duration of drug development humanize, and most Isabel, uh, can be increase the success rate of drug development. Thank you for Ron Paul and to Steven YALI pelt at Stanford and and his team and or other colleagues. Thank you for listening.

>> Narrator: From the VMware Campus in Palo Alto California, it's The Cube covering Women Transforming Technology. (upbeat music) >> I'm Lisa Martin with the Cube and we are on the ground in Palo Alto with VMware for the third annual, Women Transforming Technology event. Excited to welcome back to the Cube, Lily Chang, VP of strategic transformation here at VMware. Lily it's great to have you back. >> Thank you, it's fantastic to have this event again, for the third time in the history. >> Yes, in fact, I read online that it was sold out within hours and the keynote this morning was... >> Lily: Fantastic >> Fantastic >> And very inspiring. >> Very inspiring. For those of you who don't know, Laila Ali was the keynote this morning. What a great analogy, not just being a sports star, but being someone, a woman, in a very male dominated industry who just had this sort of natural confidence that she just knew what her purpose was. I thought that was a very inspiring message for those of us in tech as well. >> Yeah, and it's also very key that women leaders, such as herself, is willing to come out and share the story, and be the role model and set a path and show the example for the younger generation to follow and to look up to. That is incredible. >> I love for one of the things she said, Lily, when she said she still sometimes kind of loses sight and has to reignite that inner warrior. I thought that was a really important and empowering message too that even really strong women who are naturally confident still have times where they have to kind of remind themselves of what their purpose is. I just thought that was a very impactful statement and I think regardless of any industry you're in. >> That is absolutely true. I mean, we're only human, right? So every one of us experiences challenges in life so there are times even all genders, you're going to bump into road blocks, you're going to bump into challenges and then you need to self motivating and lift yourself up and rise to the ocassions of the challenge. A lot of times these changes, and I'm sure it's true for her as well, that actually make her a better leader. >> Definitely. So you are one of the board members of Women Who Code. This is something that's very near and dear to VMwear's heart. VMwear got involved in 2016 when it was about a 10,000 person organization. >> Actually, a little bit less than that. >> A little less than 10,000? And now it's? >> We were very young. >> And now how large is it? >> It's 137,000 members globally, 20 counties, 60 cities. >> So what's the mission of Women Who Code? >> The mission is very simple. Basically we want to basically help all women that inspire and excel in their technical career journey and in their career development. So that's basically the simple mission statement and for that a very critical thrust that Women Who Code has and kind of coincide with VMware's community vision, is basically technical woman community. So they were very young but we saw the passion, we saw the commitment, and we believed that this is a great mutual opportunity because we want to be a global company. We want to not only view leadership within U.S., we wanted it to be in NIA, to be in APJ, We have R & D research offices everywhere and so we basically collaborated with Women Who Code and that has been a very successful leadership program which only work with them. And they basically blossomed under the collaboration and we're not the only company but we are the one of two founding partner in sponsor for Women Who Code. >> It's grown dramatically as you said. >> Lily: Dramatically. >> Yeah, just a couple of years since you've been involved with VMware. What are a some of things that have surprised you about, not just the growth, but about some of the lesson that maybe you've learned by watching some of these other women come into this organization and be inspired and impact their careers? >> So I see the story, both in VMware woman leadership, and also in outside community woman leadership. Right? So what I see is all these woman basically have the passion but they were a little bit worried about let it come out but when you're actually in a community you're supporting one and other and you have that platform where they feel very comfortable to communicate, network, share, and learn, and so basically that is a very powerful thing and I see the growth and the booster of the potential, it's kind of like we lift them up all of a sudden. Right? One of the stories recently is that, for example, on the external side, We have basically a Canada city director is all volunteer positions. Right. And within a year, she actually moved from a line management position to basically to a director position because the city director role basically expose you to basically get the community view out and that encourage you and challenge you to basically has hands on soft leadership skill and so a lot of the technical woman have a lot of technology and a lot of the technologist mentality but you need to accompany that with a lot of the soft skill. And then the combination of the two that makes a perfect combination. And we see a lot of that in our VMware women as well. So we set out to do basically cities in China, we actually opened China for Women Who Code. It was zero member, and now it has like 3,000-4,000 members. It's actually in China. It's a little bit of a difficult mysterious place. Right? But we made it happen in Beijing. We made it happen in Shanghai. And it's basically participate by a lot of the local company, not just multi-national company. And in India we actually open it up, and in India now is blossomed like crazy so there are like since VMware's opening up in Bangalore basically there are three other cities that joined in. India is like basically a rose in blossoming peak point right now. And we also opened up a Sophia, so basically we work with women who go to do a corporate leadership program. And within the first year, where we appointed some of the city directors from our women, basically we have experience about a 50% promotion rate and pretty much 100% retention rate. >> Lisa: Wow. >> Yeah. >> 50% promotion and 100% retention is incredible. >> It is incredible, so I see that miracle happening and then I become very convinced after year one and then I've also learned that I'm not the only leader in the world that believes in this. That's the reason why they blossom like crazy. >> I imagine growing up in China, I was reading a little bit about your story, that the expansion in China must mean something a bit personal for you as well. It sounds like you were a bit fortunate though, with your parents saying "hey," you had two choices when you graduated from college, flight attendant, or secretary and your parents thought "she should have more options that that." So maybe kind of full circle, how was that for you when those two in Shanghai and Beijing opened? >> To me, I feel like, that is what is 21st century supposed to be. I wish it were true in the 19th century and but bottom line is, minor correction, actually I did interview for those two positions. I was rejected. I was not qualified. >> Lisa: Lucky VMware. >> Yeah. (laughing) Actually lucky United State. >> There you go. >> So basically my dad and my mom, they basically raised me up very differently in that era. They basically feel that they give me kind of almost a virtual space where I do not feel there is any difference between genders. They always made me feel like I'm a equal citizen in the family. I have the same speaking right, my dad, my mom both foster me that so when they learned that I could not get those two possible jobs and I was very well educated, graduated from the best university in the island, quoting my dad, he basically "invested on me," right? So he basically said "well" what he needs to do is "continue to invest in me." So that's the reason why he exported me to United States and then basically I went to the graduate school here and then since then I been very blessed. So this is almost like the Beijing and Shanghai success of the Women Who Code. It's almost like I'm giving it back to my origin. Right? And I'm bringing a lot of the blend between the western and eastern culture together. Right? To open that up which is fantastic and basically in the global environment to make it very diverse and inclusive at the same time. >> So you had really strong parents who instilled this belief in you that you could do anything. When we look at some of the statistics that show that less than 25% of technical roles are held by women and then we also look at the retention, the attrition is so high in tech. What were some of the things that kept you kind of focused on your dreams? How did you kind of foster that persistence? And I'm wondering what your advice is for women who are in tech and might be thinking of leaving. >> Well, very interesting, so first advice I have is, basically believe in yourself and dream very big. Because that, and the second this is never afraid of change. Change is always a good thing and that has been throughout my growth in a foreign country as well as here. Right? And I remember when I was in the university, even thought it was the best university, and I actually changed department and major twice and the third time I attempted to do it, because at that time I told my dad, say "hey, I heard there's this cool computer science thing I really want to go do" he did some calculation and said "look, if you transfer again, the third time, it will take you five to six years to graduate" so he said "no, just stick with it and then later on you want to move, go ahead." Right? So in grad school I changed again and I was very blessed that there are a lot of sponsors and mentors. Not just my parents. Throughout my growth and throughout my journey in the career basically really foster and help me, supported me, give me a lot of advice, so I'm a big believer in mentorship and sponsorship and that's what I believe the technical woman community will offer. It's kind of a genetically built it within that philosophy in the community. Right? It doesn't matter which forum. It is basically bringing in the common belief and the vision together and it's basically peer to peer mentorship and because there are different walks and different levels of women and technologist in that community then you actually could do the tiering and peering and basically help people to either inspire, basically move into new career journey, or elevating themselves. So I'm a very big believer in mentorship and sponsorship. >> Speaking of change, we talked about the changes you've made previously. You've made a big change from R & D to financier. >> Lily: That's correct. >> The very first at VMware to do that? >> Lily: Yes, very first... >> Tell us about kind of the impetus and what excited you and what you are benefiting from. >> Well, I'd been in the R & D career for a couple decades and so every ten years I look at my resume and then I kind of try to have an out of body experience to basically advise myself and say, what would you do differently, so that you actually are setup for the growth for the next ten years. Right? So when I look at my career about a year ago I basically said to myself and said "well, you've got enough R & D experience, you made enough investment. For you to be in the next journey you really need to have the business experience." And even though I have basically with VMware's support and sponsorship I did go back to the business school and got kind of the Berkeley business certificate and I got lots of great executives supporting me. But the reality is if you don't do that role, day in and day out, and really experience it blended into your DNA, it's not going to come natural. Right? And I don't want to be an imposter, so essentially I made a fairly major determination that I want to basically switch into business world. So I'm kind of a unique case in the sense that I'm both over-qualified and under-qualified at the same time. I'm very lucky that I have a lot of the executive sponsorship that I was able to find a perfect role that allowed me to learn and excel and basically be inspired basically in my role today and that is something fantastic. Only after I transfer that's where I learn that I'm actually the first employee in VMware's history that moved from R & D to finance and I still remain as the only one so far and I hope that my success can actually inspire more R & D people because I truly believe that a lot of times when you can actually can look at from the other lens it would just simply make you be able to do your original job better. Like right now, I would tell my old R & D self that some of the decision I made I would have debated and petitioned and argued and thought about it in a completely different way because my thinking has shift which I think is a very healthy shift. >> I agree, and you know, one of the things that Laila Ali said this morning was basically encouraging people to get uncomfortable, to be comfortable and that's, you talked about change, absolutely there's so many opportunities and we know that on one level but it can be pretty intimidating to change something. But I love also what you said. I think there's a parallel with saying now that you have this business experience looking through that other lens at R & D, you would have made decisions differently and I think that is very reflective and an opportunity for organizations to invest in creating a more diverse executive team. When you bring in that though diversity. >> Lily: Exactly. >> And it just opens the door, not just seeing things through different lenses and perspectives whether we're talking about gender or what not, but the profitability that can come from that alone is tremendous. >> Yeah, so for example one of the things that there is a statistics actually based on McKinsey for company that basically has reasonable percentage blend of woman leadership actually grows better and makes much sounder decision and so the experience I have moving from R & D to business and then now I work still very closely with R & D community and the product business unit, basically that's kind of a testemonial for that because the decision making all of a sudden is multi facet. And you always will be able to make a better decision and a sound decision. Now, you will be able to see a different risk at a different level, and we will be communicating in a more common language, like I used to not be able to speak the business tone and the business language, now I actually can be that effective communication bridge, which I find it very powerful and very exciting and very illuminating in terms of just the whole shift, make it a very worth while actually. It's just a very fantastic personal and professional experiences so far. >> You studied that Mckinsey report and that was actually mentioned this morning that the press release that VMwear did with the Stanford Institute investing 15 million in building a womens innovation lab to study the barriers, identify how to remove those barriers, but in that press release McKinsey report found that, and this is shocking, that companies that have more diversity at the executive level, are 21% more profitable. >> Lily: Exactly. >> That's a huge number. >> That's because you actually, for business, right? The technology moves so fast and there are so many different factors will be coming in hitting the business, giving business decision, you just go down a unique lane and not basically bringing all the different facets of perspective, you tend to basically gradually work yourself into a corner or you may just believe what you want to believe. Right? So that's where the other genders perspective or even the inclusive culture will bring you, basically. So this is my firm belief. Right? It's just in a different dimension basically. >> And I think that's great advice for all walks of life Lily. Thank you so much for stopping by The Cube and sharing with us what you're doing with Women Who Code and congratulations on being the first VMware to successfully transition from R & D to finance. >> Yeah, I actually hit my one year anniversary. >> Oh congratulations and thanks so much for your time. >> Thank you. >> We want to thank you for watching the cube. I'm Lisa Martin, on the ground at Women Transforming Technology VMware. Thanks for watching. (digital music)

>> Host: New York City, it's The Cube covering Cyber Connect 2017, brought to you by Centrify and the Institute for Critical Infrastructure Technology. >> Hey, welcome back, everyone. This the Cube's live coverage in New York City. This is the Cyber Connect 2017, presented by Centrify, underwritten by such a large industry event. I'm John Furrier, Dave Vellante. Our next guest is Byron Acohido who's the journalist at lastwatchdog.com. Thanks for joining us, welcome to The Cube. >> Thank you, pleasure to be here. >> So, seasoned journalist, there's a lot to report. Cyber is great, we heard a great talk this morning around the national issues around the government. But businesses are also struggling, too, that seems to be the theme of this event, inaugural event. >> It really is a terrific topic that touches everything that we're doing, the way we live our lives today. So, yeah, this is a terrific event where some of the smartest minds dealing with it come together to talk about the issues. >> What's the top level story in your mind in this industry right now? Chaos, is it data, civil liberties, common threats? How do you stack rank in level of importance, the most important story? >> You know, it really is all of the above. I had the privilege to sit at lunch with General Keith Alexander. I've seen him speak before at different security events. So it was a small group of the keynote speakers, and Tom Kemp, the CEO of Centrify. And he just nailed it. He basically, what resonated with me was he said basically we're kind of like where we were, where the world was at the start of World War I, where Russia and Germany and England, we're all kind of lining up, and Serbia was in the middle, and nobody really knew the significance of what lay ahead, and the US was on the sidelines. And all these things were just going to converge and create this huge chaos. That's what he compared it today, except we're in the digital space with that, because we're moving into cloud computing, mobile devices, destruction of privacy, and then now the nation states, Russia is lining up, North Korea, and Iran. We are doing it too, that was probably one of the most interesting things that came at you. >> His rhetoric was very high on the, hey, get our act together, country, attitude. Like, we got a lot to bring to the table, he highlighted a couple use cases and some war stories that the NSA's been involved in, but almost kind of teasing out, like we're kind of getting in our own way if we don't reimagine this. >> Yes, he is a very great advocate for the private sector industry, but not just industry, the different major verticals like especially the financial sector and the energy sector to put aside some of the competitive urges they have and recognize that this is going on. >> Okay, but I got to ask you, as a journalist, Last Watchdog, General Alexander definitely came down, when he sort of addressed privacy, and Snowden, and the whole story he told about the gentleman from the ACLU who came in a skeptic and left an advocate. As a journalist whose job is to be a skeptic, did you buy that? Does your community buy that? What's the counterpoint to that narrative that we heard this morning? >> Well, actually I think he hit it right on the head. As a journalist, why I got into this business and am still doing it after all these years is if I can do a little bit to shed a little bit of light on something that helps the public recognize what's going on, that's what I'm here to do. And this topic is just so rich and touches everything. We were talking just about the nation state level of it, but really it effects down to what we're doing as a society, what Google, and Facebook, and Twitter, how they're shaping our society and how that impacts privacy. >> We were talking last night, Dave, about the Twitter, and Facebook, and Alphabet in front of the Senate hearings last week, and how it means, in terms, he brought it up today. The common protection of America in this time, given the past election, that was the context of the Google thing, really has got a whole opportunity to reimagine how we work as a society in America, but also on the global stage. You got China, Russia, and the big actors. So, it's interesting, can we eventually reimagine, use this opportunity as the greatest crisis to transform the crap that's out there today. Divisiveness, no trust. We're living in an era now where, in my life time I can honestly say I've never seen it this shitty before. I mean, it's bad. I mean, it's like the younger generation looking at us, looking at, oh, Trump this, Trump that, I don't trust anybody. And the government has an opportunity. >> Alright, but wait a minute. So, I'm down the middle, as you know, but I'm going to play skeptic here a little bit. What I basically heard from General Alexander this morning was we got vetted by the ACLU, they threw sort of holy water on it, and we followed the law. And I believe everything he said, but I didn't know about that law until Snowden went public, and I agree with you, Snowden should be in jail. >> John: I didn't say that. >> You did, you said that a couple, few years ago on The Cube, you said that. Anyway, regardless. >> I'm going to go find the archive. >> Maybe I'm rewriting history, but those laws were enacted kind of in a clandestine manner, so I put it out to both of you guys. As a citizen, are you willing to say, okay, I'll give up maybe some of my privacy rights for protection? I know where I stand on that, but I'm just asking you guys. I mean, do all your readers sort of agree with that narrative? Do all of The Cube? >> If you look at the World War I example the general, he brought up at lunch, I wasn't there, but just me thinking about that, it brings up a good perspective. If you look at reinventing how society in America is done, what will you give up for safety? These are some of the questions. What does patriotizing mean for if industry's going to work together, what does it mean to be a patriot? What I heard from the general onstage today was, we're screwed if we don't figure this out, because the war, it's coming. It's happening at massive speeds. >> Again, I know where I stand on this. I'm a law-abiding citizen. >> - Byron, what do you think? >> Go ahead and snoop me, but I know people who would say no, that's violating my constitutional rights. I dunno, it's worth a debate, is all I'm saying. >> It's a core question to how we're living our lives today, especially here in the US. In terms of privacy, I think the horse has left the barn. Nobody cares about privacy if you just look at the way we live our lives. Google and Facebook have basically thrown the privacy model-- >> GPS. >> That came about because we went through World War I and World War II, and we wanted the right to be left alone and not have authoritative forces following us inside the door. But now we don't live in just a physical space, we live in a cyberspace. >> I think there's new rules. >> There is no privacy. >> Don't try and paint me into a corner here, I did maybe say some comments. Looking forward the new realities are, there are realities happening, and I think the general illuminated a lot of those today. I've been feeling that. However, I think when you you define what it means to be a patriot of the United States of America and freedom, that freedom has to be looked through the prism of the new realities. The new realities are, as the General illuminated, there are now open public domain tools for anyone to attack the United State, industry and government, he brought it up. Who do they protect, the banks? So, this ends up, I think will be a generational thing that the younger generation and others will have to figure out, but the leaders in industry will have to step up. And I think that to me is interesting. What does that look like? >> I think leadership is the whole key to this. I think there's a big thread about where the burden lies. I write about that a lot as a central theme, where is the burden? Well, each of us have a burden in this society to pay attention to our digital footprint, but it's moving and whirling so fast, and the speaker just now from US Bank said there is no such thing as unprecedented, it's all ridiculous the way things are happening. So, it has to be at the level of the leaders, a combination, and I think this is what the general was advocating, a combination of the government as we know it, as we've built it, by and for the people, and industry recognizing that if they don't do it, regulations are going to be pushed down, which is already happening here in New York. New York State Department of Financial Services now imposes rules on financial services companies to protect their data, have a CSO, check their third parties. That just went in effect in March. >> Let's unpack that, because I think that's what new. If they don't do this, they don't partner, governments and industry don't partner together, either collectively as a vertical or sector with the government, then the government will impose new mandates on them. That's kind of what you're getting at. That's what's happening. >> It'll be a push and shove. Now the push is because industry has not acted with enough urgency, and even though they were seeing them in the headlines. California's already led the way in terms of its Data Loss Disclosure law that now 47 states have, but it's a very, I mean, that's just the level the government can push, and then industry has to react to that. >> I got to say, I'm just being an observer in the industry, we do The Cube, and how many events will we hear the word digital transformation. If people think digital transformation is hard now, imagine if the government imposes all these restrictions. >> What about GDPR? >> Byron: That's a good question, yeah. >> You're trying to tell me the US government is going to be obliged to leak private information because of a socialist agenda, which GDPR has been called. >> No, that's another one of these catalysts or one of these drivers that are pushing. We're in a global society, right? >> Here's my take, I'll share my opinion on this, Dave, I brought it up earlier. What the general was pointing out is the terror states now have democratized tools that other big actors are democratizing through the public domain to allow any enemy of the United States to attack with zero consequences, because they're either anonymous. But let's just say they're not anonymous, let's just say they get caught. We can barely convert drug dealers, multiple jurisdictions in court and around the world. What court is out there that will actually solve the problem? So, the question is, if they get caught, what is the judicial process? >> Navy SEALs? >> I mean, obviously, I'm using the DEA and drug, when we've been fighting drug for multiple generations and we still have to have a process to multiple years to get that in a global court. I mean, it's hard. My point is, if we can't even figure it out for drug trade, generations of data, how fast are we going to get cyber criminals? >> Well, there is recognition of this, and there is work being done, but the gap is so large. Microsoft has done a big chunk of this in fighting botnets, right? So, they've taken a whole legal strategy that they've managed to impose in maybe a half-dozen cases the last few years, where they legally went and got legal power to shut down hosting services that were sources of these botnets. So, that's just one piece of it. >> So, this World War I analogy, let's just take it to the cloud wars. So, in a way, Dave, we asked Amazon early on, Amazon Web Services how their security was. And you questioned, maybe cloud has better security than on premise, at that time eight years ago. Oh my God, the cloud is so insecure. Now it looks like the cloud's more secure, so maybe it's a scale game. Cloud guys might actually be an answer, if you take your point to the next level. What do you think? >> Correct me if I'm wrong, you haven't seen these kind of massive Equifax-like breaches at Amazon and Google. >> That we know about. >> That we know about. >> What do you think? Don't they have to disclose? >> Cloud players have an opportunity? >> That we know about. >> That's what I was saying. The question on the table is, are the cloud guys in a better position to walk around and carry the heavy stick on cyber? >> Personally, I would say no question. There's homogeneity of the infrastructure, and standardization, and more automation. >> What do you think? What's your community think? >> I think you're right, first of all, but I think it's not the full answer. I think the full answer is what the general keeps hammering on, which is private, public, this needs to be leadership, we need to connect all these things where it makes sense to connect them, and realize that there's a bigger thing on the horizon that's already breathing down our necks, already blowing fire like a dragon at us. It's a piece of the, yeah. >> It's a community problem. The community has to solve the problem at leadership level for companies and industry, but also what the security industry has always been known for is sharing. The question is, can they get to a data sharing protocol of some sort? >> It's more than just data sharing. I mean, he talked about that, he talked about, at lunch he did, about the ISAC sharing. He said now it's more, ISACs are these informational sharing by industry, by financial industry, health industry, energy industry, they share information about they've been hacked. But he said, it's more than that. We have to get together at the table and recognize where these attacks are coming, and figure out what the smart things are doing, like at the ISP level. That's a big part of the funnel, crucial part of the funnel, is where traffic moves. That's where it needs to be done. >> What about the the balance of power in the cyber war, cyber warfare? I mean, US obviously, US military industrial complex, Russia, China, okay, we know what the balance of power is there. Is there much more of a level playing field in cyber warfare, do you think, or is it sort of mirror the size of the economy, or the sophistication of the technology? >> No, I think you're absolutely right. There is much more of a level playing field. I mean, North Korea can come in and do a, this is what we know about, or we think we know about, come in and do a WannaCry attack, develop a ransomware that actually moves on the internet of things to raise cash, right, for North Korea. So there, yeah, you're absolutely right. >> That's funding their Defense Department. >> As Robert Gates said when he was on The Cube, we have to be really careful with how much we go on the offense with cyber security, because we have more to lose than anybody with critical infrastructure, and the banking system, the electrical grid, nuclear facilities. >> I interviewed a cyber guy on The Cube in the studio from Vidder, Junaid Islam. He's like, we can look at geo and not have anyone outside the US access our grid. I mean, no one should attack our resources from outside the US, to start with. So, core network access has been a big problem. >> Here's something, I think I can share this because I think he said he wouldn't mind me sharing it. At the lunch today, to your point that we have more to lose is, the general said yeah, we have terrific offensive capability. Just like in the analog world, we have all the great bombers, more bombers than anybody else. But can we stop people from getting, we don't have the comparable level of stopping. >> The defense is weak. >> The defense, right. Same thing with cyber. He said somebody once asked him how many of your, what percentage of your offensive attacks are successful? 100%. You know, we do have, we saw some of that with leaks of the NSA's weapons that happened this year, that gone out. >> It's like Swiss cheese, the leaks are everywhere, and it's by the network itself. I ran into a guy who was running one of the big ports, I say the city to reveal who it was, but he's like, oh my God, these guys are coming in the maritime network, accessing the core internet, unvetted. Pure core access, his first job as CIO was shut down the core network, so he has to put a VPN out there and segment the network, and validate all the traffic coming through. But the predecessor had direct internet access to their core network. >> Yeah, I think the energy sector, there's a sponsor here, ICIT, that's in the industrial control space, that I think that's where a lot of attention is going to go in the next couple of years, because as we saw with these attacks of the Ukraine, getting in there and shutting down their power grid for half a day or whatever, or with our own alleged, US own involvement in something like Stuxnet where we get into the power grid in Iran, those controls are over here with a separate legacy. Once you get in, it's really easy to move around. I think that needs to be all cleaned up and locked down. >> They're already in there, the malware's sitting in there, it's idle. >> We're already over there probably, I don't know, but that's what I would guess and hope. >> I don't believe anything I read these days, except your stuff, of course, and ours. Being a journalist, what are you working on right now? Obviously you're out there reporting, what are the top things you're looking at that you're observing? What's your observation space relative to what you're feeding into your reports? >> This topic, security, I'm going to retire and be long gone on this. This is a terrific topic that means so much and connects to everything. >> A lot of runway on this topic, right? >> I think the whole area of what, right there, your mobile device and how it plugs into the cloud, and then what that portends for internet of things. We have this whole 10-year history of the laptops, and we're not even solving that, and the servers are now moving here to these mobile devices in the clouds and IOT. It's just, attack surface area is just, continues to get bigger. >> And the IT cameras. >> The other thing I noticed on AETNA's presentation this morning on the keynote, Jim was he said, a lot of times many people chase the wrong attack vector, because of not sharing, literally waste cycle times on innovation. So, it's just interesting market. Okay, final thoughts, Byron. This event, what's the significance of this event? Obviously there's Black Hat out there and other industry events. What is so significant about CyberConnect from your perspective? Obviously, our view is it's an industry conversation, it's up-leveled a bit. It's not competing with other events. Do you see it the same way? What is your perspective on this event? >> I think that it's properly named, Connect, and I think that is right at the center of all this, when you have people like Jim Ralph from AETNA, which is doing these fantastic things in terms of protecting their network and sharing that freely, and the US Bank guy that was just on, and Verizon is talking later today. They've been in this space a long time sharing terrific intelligence, and then somebody like the general, and Tom Kemp, the CEO of Centrify, talking about giving visibility to that, a real key piece that's not necessarily sexy, but by locking that down, that's accessing. >> How is the Centrify message being received in the DC circles? Obviously they're an enterprise, they're doing very well. I don't know their net revenue numbers because they're private, they don't really report those. Are they well-received in the DC and the cyber communities in terms of what they do? Identity obviously is a key piece of the kingdom, but it used to be kind of a fenced off area in enterprise software model. They seem to have more relevance now. Is that translating for them in the marketplace? >> I would think so, I mean, the company's growing. I was just talking to somebody. The story they have to tell is substantive and really simple. There's some smart people over there, and I think there are friendly ears out there to hear what they have to say. >> Yeah, anything with identity, know your customer's a big term, and you hear in blockchain and anti-money laundering, know your customer, big term, you're seeing more of that now. Certainly seeing Facebook, Twitter, and Alphabet in front of the Senate getting peppered, I thought that was interesting. We followed those guys pretty deeply. They got hammered, like what's going on, how could you let this happen? Not that it was national security, but it was a major FUD campaign going on on those platforms. That's data, right, so it wasn't necessarily hacked, per se. Great stuff, Byron, thanks for joining us here on The Cube, appreciate it. And your website is lastwatchdog.com. >> Yes. >> Okay, lastwatchdog.com. Byron Acohido here inside The Cube. I'm John Furrier, Dave Vellante, we'll be back with more live coverage after this short break.