>> Hey. Welcome back, everybody. Jeff Frick here, with The Cube. We're in Denver, Colorado at the Airworks show, put on by DJI, and who knew that we would fly, like a thousand miles to see the keynote speaker, guest speakers, the Menlo Park Fire Department, real close to us in Palo Alto, So, we're excited to have them here, and, also, to learn about the practical applications of drone technology for public safety. So, we're joined by Michael Ralston, he runs the Crisis Response and Innovation in Technology Practice Initiative at Menlo Park Fires. So, Michael, great to see you. >> Thank you. Thanks for having me here, Jeff. >> Absolutely. You're obviously here on the invitation of DJI so you guys must be doing some pretty interesting things. Not only with drones, but really looking at a broader technology suite of things that you guys can bring to bare, to save lives and put out fires. >> Absolutely. Absolutely. We're excited to be here, and the thing about DJI is that we've been working with them for years. We've been getting into the whole concept of using drones and using technology in crisis response. And so, it's all coming together right at the right time. We're excited about the announcements that are going on here because it really represents a culmination of what we've been trying to do. >> Right. But still, you're a real customer, and I thought it was interesting. The first part of the story was you guys decided to get drones and use them, you got one, and then it sat on the shelf for two years. Right? I mean, it's just not as easy, and then I think the other really important message that came out of your talk was, you kept kind of stumbling on to all these new requirements. Insurance, training, certifications. So, it wasn't easy, but that was years ago. And now, you guys are really leading the charge in using this technology. >> There is many, many people in the country who are all uncovering this Van Gogh at the same time. And so, what we really try to do, and try to bring across in our program is that it's not all about us and we're not necessarily the leaders. We may be one of the ones who are leading the charge, but what we've discovered over the years, over the years in our term, right? Which is really months. Is that that initial foundation stage, getting the drone and having it sitting there, we discovered quite a bit. We discovered that you have to do this first. Oh, wait. You got to do this first, you got to do this. And once we got to that point, where we had the right regulatory and political, community support, then we got into this growth stage. This is an exciting time. It was a transition point where now we're starting to ... Things are moving faster, we're starting to learn. We got out of middle school, we're now in high school. But that growth phase, that was... As exciting as it was, we started doing more and more missions. Use whichever cliche you want. "Two steps forward, one step back," whatever. We discovered that there's an ecosystem out there. This ecosystem is bigger than we are, and involves all kinds of other critical elements that have to be put in place and have to be developed, have to get deep. Things that are beyond our expertise, things such as logistics, such as training or support, or other regulatory elements. All those things, and technology, obviously. As we learned about this ecosystem, we started to realize that that's what's going to make all this work. It's not just us, we're like a start-up company. We're like a technology start-up company, within the fire district. But we realized, like any start-up company, that market has to be made. And so, we've spent a lot of time, a lot of effort putting together things, bringing people together, saying... People listen to us, we're the fire department. It's kind of fun to hangout with us, or we like to think so, but... >> It is (laughs). >> But, what that means is we say, "Hey, why don't we get everybody together, and let's have a conversation together." And, it's that symbiosis. It's that synergy, energy coming together, that new links, new networks are formed, and people start to realize, "Oh wow. You're doing that? We're doing that, too. Let's work together." And, we just stand by and go, "This is awesome," because it gets us to where we want to be, which is saving lives, obviously. >> It's interesting because you showed a symposium that you put on at Slack, again not only the ecosystem to enable you, but then you guys took a real active role then in passing that knowledge on to other departments and other institutions. Wondering if you can explain a little bit, how did that come together? How well was it received? And is that now part of an ongoing thing that you guys are going to continue to support. >> Well, brief answer. Absolutely, it's an ongoing thing. It's an ongoing thing beyond just drones, so we're calling it Technology Symposium. Meaning, we started to realize that there's all kinds of inventive technology. My program, Crisis Response, Innovation, and Technology is how do we go and leverage... make use of all the things we can put into the fire service to help us do what we do. Now, specifically to your question, this symposium. We had all these folks there together, and it was great. It was very well received and a lot of people came up to us afterwards saying, "I'm so glad you did this." And, it was because everyone thought it should be done. We are blessed by the fact of where we are, or geographically speaking. And, by the fact that when we do knock on people's doors they tend to answer, they're excited to go and participate. So, we're good at hosting a party. But we were hosting a party, that's what it was. We contributed what we knew, which was, "Hey, we're trying to climb this mountain, and we took this path." But there's lots of other people who have just as important programs, and they've learned a lot of other things we haven't learned because they took this path. Let's get them all together, and the only way we can get to the mountain top together is to share that information. >> Give us some specific examples of things that you guys do with drones that you could not do before that have been some of the really... Like, "Wow," "A-ha" moments when you deploy these things. >> How much time do you go? >> Give me your top couple, we've got time. You're the fire department, we got time. Nothing's burning, they are running drones back there. You could probably hear them in the background. >> There's quite a bit. The first place that I would start is we are the fire department and we do regular fire department things. We put out fires, we go to auto accidents, we go to medical things. All those things that we do can come up with a use case for a drone because when you think about it, as Chief Calvert mentioned earlier on in our presentation, our fire district, like any other fire department around the country, around the world, we protect life, we protect property, we protect the environment, right? Well, but when you think about, "What can a drone do?" "What can technology do, in general?" It can do three main things, right? And, these are critical things to us. One, is provide more safety. One, is provide better situational awareness, two. And three is, of course, better response time. Well, response time, situational awareness, and safety, that applies to medical calls, applies to car accidents, applies to fire. A more specific example is, you have a fire, and, conceptually, we live... I don't know what the traffic is like where-- >> I live right by you, in Palo Alto. So, it's not good (laughs). >> Picture yourself needing the fire department to get there, you call 911 and there's traffic. Now, lights and sirens are going to let people know, but you can't go anywhere if you're in a traffic jam. We face the same challenge. What if a drone could go straight over head, line of sight, and get there. Now, in some cases, that's life saving stuff. Bring an AED. An AED is a defibrillator. >> Right. >> That's one way that you can actually make use of a drone to get life-saving stuff there faster. Or, what happens if someone calls 911, it's a car accident, because you're supposed to do that, but it's a minor accident. Well, it's safer for us to drive code two, what we call.. You know, to drive without lights and sirens, just to go there and check it out, but it's not an emergency. It's safer for the citizens, it's safer for us. Send a drone there, you see right away that this is a fender bender, off to the side of the road, go there to check it out, but don't go lights and sirens. It's safer for them, it's safer for us. Or, "Hey, this is a fire. It's getting bigger and bigger." Not just send one engine, but send the calvary. So, another example is situational awareness. If you're on scene somewhere, if you think about it... And, you know, for those of us who are parents out there, we know what it's like to run a zone defense on your kids. You're processing a lot of things at once. Well, the act of a battalion chief or incident commander on scene of a fire or of a large incident, it's chaos. There's a lot of stuff going through that person's mind. He or she has to remain focused on their mission, but also take in a lot of information. And they're constantly looking around, they're constantly moving. What if, they had eyes in the sky. What if, instead of them having to walk around the building to get a 360 view, they had a screen here, and you have a drone that's just circling. It would provide tremendous amount of information for them. That'd be a game changer. >> Yeah, and it really came up in the keynote, too, about having someone who's trained, looking at the picture, who knows what to look for. What are the key signs they want to check out. So, again, really invaluable service. >> Yeah, yeah. >> Yeah. Well, very exciting times, and congrats for being highlighted, and keep doing the great work that you do. >> Great. Thanks for having us. >> All right. He's Michael Ralston, I'm Jeff Rick. From Menlo Fire, I'm from The Cube. Thanks for watching, we'll see you next time.

>> From the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco, it's theCUBE, covering AT&T Spark. Now here's Jeff Frick. >> Hey welcome back everybody, Jeff Frick here with theCUBE. We're at San Francisco, at the historic Palace of Fine Arts, it's a beautiful spot, it's redone, they moved Exploratorium out a couple years ago, so now it's in a really nice event space, and we're here for the AT&T Spark Event, and the conversation's all around 5G. But we're excited to have our first guest, and he's working on something that's a little bit tangential to 5G-related, but not absolutely connected, but really important work, it's Chris Sambar, he is the SVP of FirstNet at AT&T, Chris, great to see you. >> Thanks Jeff, great to be here, I appreciate it. >> Yeah, so you had a nice Keynote Presentation, talking about FirstNet. So for people I've missed, that aren't familiar, what is AT&T FirstNet? >> Sure, I'll give a quick background. As I was mentioning up there, tomorrow is the 17-year Anniversary of 9/11. So 17 years ago tomorrow, a big problem in New York City. Lots of first responders descended on the area. All of them were trying to communicate with each other, they were trying to use their radios, which they're you know, typically what you see a first responder using, the wireless networks in the area. Unfortunately challenges, it wasn't working. They were having trouble communicating with each other, their existing wireless networks were getting congested, and so the 9/11 Commission came out with a report years later, and they said we need a dedicated communications network, just for First Responders. So they spun all this up and they said, we're going to dedicate some Spectrum, 20 megahertz of D-Class Spectrum, which is really prime Spectrum. Seven billion dollars and we're going to set up this Federal entity, called the FirstNet Authority, and they're going to create a Public Safety Network across America. So FirstNet Authority spent a few years figuring out how to do it, and they landed on what we have today, which was a Public/Private Partnership, between AT&T, and Public Safety throughout America, and we're building them a terrific network across the country. It is literally a separate network so when I, I think of wireless in America, I think of four main commercial carriers, AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile, Sprint. This is the 5th carrier, this is Public Safety's Wireless Network just for them. >> So when you say an extra network, so it's a completely separate, obviously you're leveraging infrastructure, like towers and power and those types of things. But it's a completely separate network, than the existing four that you mentioned. >> Yeah, so if you walk into our data centers throughout the country, you're going to see separate hardware, physical infrastructure that is just for FirstNet, that's the core network just for this network. On the RAN, the Radio Access Network, we've got antennas that have Band 14 on them, that's Public Safety's Band, dedicated just for them when they need it. So yeah, it's literally a physically separate network. The SIM card that goes into a FirstNet device, is a different SIM card than our commercial users would use, because it's separate. >> So one of the really interesting things about 5G, and kind of the evolution of wireless is, is taking some of the load that has been taken by like WiFi, and other options for fast, always on connectivity. I would assume radio, and I don't know that much about radio frequencies that have been around forever with communications in, in First Responders. Is the vision that the 5G will eventually take over that type of communication as well? >> Yeah, absolutely. If you look at the evolution of First Responder, and Public Safety Communications, for many years now they've used radios. Relatively small, narrow Spectrum bands for Narrow Band Voice, right, just voice communications. It really doesn't do data, maybe a little bit, but really not much. Now they're going to expand to this Spectrum, the D-Class, the D-Block Spectrum, excuse me, which is 700 megahertz, it's a low-band Spectrum, that'll provide them with Dedicated Spectrum, and then the next step, as you say, is 5G, so take the load off as Public Safety comes into the, the new Public Safety Communications space, that they've really been wanting for years and years, they'll start to utilize 5G as well on our network. >> So where are you on the development of FirstNet, where are you on the rollout, what's the sequence of events? >> The first thing we did, the award was last year in March 2017. The first thing we did was we built out the core network. When I talked about all that physical infrastructure, that basically took a year to build out, and it was pretty extensive, and about a half a billion dollars so, that was the first thing we did, that completed earlier this year. >> Was that nationwide or major metro cities or how-- >> Nationwide, everywhere in the country. >> Nationwide, okay. >> So now what we're doing is, we are putting the Spectrum that we were given, or I should say we were leased for 25 years, we're putting that Spectrum up across our towers all over the country so, that will take five years, it's a five-year build-out, tens of thousands of towers across America, will get this Public Safety Spectrum, for Public Safety, and for their use. >> Right. Will you target by GEO, by Metro area, I mean, how's it going to actually happen? That's a huge global rollout, five years is a long time. How you kind of prioritize, how are you really going to market with this? >> The Band 14 Spectrum is being rolled out in the major, the major dense areas across the country. I will tell you that by the end of the rollout, five years from now, 99% of the population of America, will have Band 14 Spectrum, so the vast majority of the population. Other areas where we don't roll it out, rural areas for example, all of the features that Public Safety wants, we call them (mumbles) and priority, which is the features to allow them to always have access to the network whenever they need it. Those features will be on our regular commercial Spectrum. So if Band 14 isn't there, the network will function exactly as if it were there for them. >> Right. Then how do you roll it out to the agencies, all the First Responders, the Fire, the Police, the EMTs, et cetera? How do they start to take advantage of this opportunity? >> Sure, so we started that earlier this year. We really started in a March-April timeframe in earnest, signing up agencies, and the uptake's been phenomenal. It's over 2500 Public Safety Agencies across America, over 150,00, and that number grows by thousands every week. That's actually a pretty old number but, they are signing up in droves. In fact, one of the problems we were having initially is, handling the volume of First Responders that wanted to sign up, and the reason is they're seeing that, whether it's a fire out in Oregon, and they need connectivity in the middle of nowhere, in a forest where there's no wireless connectivity at all, we'll bring a vehicle out there, put up an antenna and provide them connectivity. Whether it's a Fourth of July show, or a parade, or an active shooter, wherever large groups of people, combined together and the network gets congested, they're seeing that wow, my device works no matter what. I can always send a text message, I can send a video, it just works. Where it didn't work before. So they love it, and they're really, they're really signing up in droves, it's great. >> It's really interesting because it's, it's interesting that this was triggered, as part of the post 9/11 activity to make things better, and make things safer. But there was a lot of buzz, especially out here in the West with, with First Responders in the news, who were running out of band width. As you said, the Firefighters, the fire's been burning out here, it seems like forever, and really nobody thinking about those, or obviously they're probably roaming on their traditional data plan, and they're probably out there, for weeks and weeks at a time, that wasn't part of their allocation, when they figured out what plan they should be. So the timing is pretty significant, and there's clearly a big demand for this. >> Absolutely. So that example that you sight is a really good one. Two weeks ago, there was a lot in the news about a fire agency in the West, that said they were throttled by their carrier. It was a commercial carrier, and commercial carriers have terms and conditions, that sometimes they need to throttle usage, if you get to a certain level. That's how commercial networks work. >> Right, right. >> FirstNet was built with not only different technology, hardware, software, but with different terms and conditions. Because we understand that, when a First Responder responds to your house, we don't want that to be the minute in time, when their network, their plan got maxed out, and now they're getting throttled. >> Right. >> So we don't have any throttling on the FirstNet Network. So it's not only the hardware, software, technical aspects of the network, but the terms and conditions are different. It's what you would expect that a First Responder would have and want on their device, and that's what we're providing for them. >> Right, and the other cool thing that you mentioned is, we see it all the time, we go to a lot of conferences. A lot of people probably experience it at, at big events right, is that still today, WiFi and traditional LTE, has hard times in super-dense environments, where there's just tons and tons and tons of bodies I imagine, absorbing all that signal, as much as anything else, so to have a separate Spectrum in those type of environments which are usually chaotic when you got First Responders, or some of these mass events that you outlined, is a pretty important feature, to not get just completely wiped out by everybody else happening to be there at the same time. >> Exactly. I'll give you two quick examples, that'll illustrate what you just said. The first one is, on the Fourth of July, in downtown Washington D.C. You can imagine that show. It's an awesome show, but there are hundreds of thousands of people that gather around that Washington Monument, to watch the show. And the expectation is at the peak of the show, when all those people are there, you're not really going to be sending text messages, or calling people, the network's probably just not going to work very well. That's, we've all gotten used to that. >> Right, right. >> This year, I had First Responders, who were there during the event, sending me videos of the fireworks going off. Something that never would've been possible before, and them saying oh my gosh. The actually works the way it's supposed to work, we can use our phones. Then the second example, which is a really sad example. There was a recent school shooting down in Florida. You had Sheriffs, Local Police, Ambulances. You even had some Federal Authorities that showed up. They couldn't communicate with each other, because they were on different radio networks. Imagine if they had that capability of FirstNet, where they could communicate with each other, and the network worked, even though there were thousands of people that were gathering around that scene, to see what was going on. So that's the capability we're bringing to Public Safety, and it's really good for all of us. >> Do you see that this is kind of the, the aggregator of the multi-disparate systems that exist now, as you mentioned in, in your Keynote, and again there's different agencies, they've got different frequencies, they've got Police, Fire, Ambulance, Federal Agencies, that now potentially this, as just kind of a unified First Responder network, becomes the defacto way, that I can get in touch with anyone regardless of of where they come from, or who they're associated with? >> That is exactly the vision of FirstNet. In major cities across America, Police, Fire, Emergency Medical typically, are on three different radio networks, and it's very difficult for them to communicate with each other. They may have a shared frequency or two between them, but it's very challenging for them. Our goal is to sign all of them up, put them on one LTE network, the FirstNet Network, customized for them, so they can all communicate with each other, regardless of how much congestion is on the network. So that's the vision of FirstNet. >> Then that's even before you get into the 5G impacts, which will be the data impacts, whereas I think again, you showed in some of your examples, the enhanced amount of data that they can bring to bear, on solving a problem, whether it's a layout of a building for the Fire Department or drone footage from up above. We talked to Menlo Park Fire, they're using drones more and more to give eyes over the fire to the guys down on the ground. So there's a lot of really interesting applications that you can get more better data, to drive more better applications through that network, to help these guys do their job. >> Yeah, you've got it, the smart city's cameras, don't you want that to be able to stream over the network, and give it to First Responders, so they know what they're going to encounter, when they show up to the scene of whatever issue's going on in the city, of course you do, and you need a really reliable, stable network to provide that on. >> Well Chris, this is not only an interesting work, but very noble, and an important work, so appreciate all of the efforts that you're putting in, and thanks for stopping by. >> I appreciate it Jeff, it's been great talking with you. >> Alright, he's Chris, I'm Jeff, you're watching theCUBE, we're in San Francisco at the Palace of Fine Arts, at AT&T Spark. Thanks for watching, we'll see you next time. (bright music)