>>From around the globe. It's the cube with digital coverage of AWS reinvent 2020, sponsored by Intel and AWS. >>Welcome back to the queue. It's virtual coverage of Avis reinvent 2020 I'm John furry, your host. Um, this is a cute virtual we're here. Not in, in remote. We're not in person this year, so we're doing the remote interviews. And then this segment is going to build on the quantum conversation we had last year, Richard moles, general manager of Amazon bracket and aid was quantum computing and Fernando Brandao head of quantum algorithms at AWS and Brent professor of theoretical physics at Caltech. Fernando, thanks for coming on, Richard. Thanks for joining us. >>You're welcome to be here. >>So, Fernando, first of all, love your title, quantum algorithms. That's the coolest title I've heard so far and you're pretty smart because you're a theoretical professor of physics at Caltech. So, um, which I'd never be able to get into, but I wish I could get into there someday, but, uh, thanks for coming on. Um, quantum has been quite the rage and you know, there's a lot of people talking about it. Um, it's not ready for prime time. Some say it's moving faster than others, but where are we on quantum right now? What are, what are you, what are you seeing Fernanda where the quantum, where are peg us in the evolution of, of, uh, where we are? >>Um, yeah, what quantum, uh, it's an emerging and rapidly developing fields. Uh, but we are see where are you on, uh, both in terms of, uh, hardware development and in terms of identifying the most impactful use cases of one company. Uh, so, so it's, it's, it's early days for everyone and, and we have like, uh, different players and different technologies that are being sport. And I think it's, it's, it's early, but it's exciting time to be doing quantum computing. And, uh, and it's very interesting to see the interest in industry growing and, and customers. Uh, for example, Casa from AWS, uh, being, uh, being willing to take part in this journey with us in developmental technology. >>Awesome. Richard, last year we talked to bill Vass about this and he was, you know, he set expectations really well, I thought, but it was pretty much in classic Amazonian way. You know, it makes the announcement a lot of progress then makes me give us the update on your end. You guys now are shipping brackets available. What's the update on your end and Verner mentioned in his keynote this week >> as well. Yeah, it was a, it was great until I was really looking at your interview with bill. It was, uh, that was when we launched the launch the service a year ago, almost exactly a year ago this week. And we've come a long way. So as you mentioned, we've, uh, we've, uh, we've gone to general availability with the service now that that happened in August. So now a customer can kind of look into the, uh, to the bracket console and, uh, installed programming concept computers. You know, there's, uh, there's tremendous excitement obviously, as, as you mentioned, and Fernando mentioned, you know, quantum computers, uh, we think >>Have the potential to solve problems that are currently, uh, uh, unsolvable. Um, the goal of bracket is to fundamentally give customers the ability to, uh, to go test, uh, some of those notions to explore the technology and to just start planning for the future. You know, our goal was always to try and solve some of the problems that customers have had for, you know, gee, a decade or so now, you know, they tell us from a variety of different industries, whether it's drug discovery or financial services, whether it's energy or there's chemical engineering, machine learning, you know, th the potential for quantum computer impacts may industries could potentially be disruptive to those industries. And, uh, it's, it's essential that customers can can plan for the future, you know, build their own internal resources, become experts, hire the right staff, figure out where it might impact their business and, uh, and potentially disrupt. >>So, uh, you know, in the past they're finding it hard to, to get involved. You know, these machines are very different, different technologies building in different ways of different characteristics. Uh, the tooling is very disparate, very fragmented. Historically, it's hard for companies to get access to the machines. These tend to be, you know, owned by startups or in, you know, physics labs or universities, very difficult to get access to these things, very different commercial models. Um, and, uh, as you, as you suggested, a lot of interests, a lot of hype, a lot of claims in the industry, customers want to cut through all that. They want to understand what's real, uh, what they can do today, uh, how they can experiment and, uh, and get started. So, you know, we see bracket as a catalyst for innovation. We want to bring together end-users, um, consultants, uh, software developers, um, providers that want to host services on top of bracket, try and get the industry, you know, rubbing along them. You spoke to lots of Amazonians. I'm sure you've heard the phrase innovation flywheel, plenty of times. Um, we see the same approach that we've used successfully in IOT and robotics and machine learning and apply that same approach to content, machine learning software, to quantum computing, and to learn, to bring it together. And, uh, if we get the tooling right, and we make it easy, um, then we don't see any reason why we can't, uh, you know, rapidly try and move this industry forward. And >>It was fun areas where there's a lot of, you know, intellectual computer science, um, technology science involved in super exciting. And Amazon's supposed to some of that undifferentiated heavy. >>That's what I am, you know, it's like, >>There's a Maslow hierarchy of needs in the tech industry. You know, people say, Oh, why five people freak out when there's no wifi? You know, you can't get enough compute. Right. So, you know, um, compute is one of those things with machine learning is seeing the benefits and quantum there's so much benefits there. Um, and you guys made some announcements at, at re-invent, uh, around BRACA. Can you share just quickly share some of those updates, Richard? >>Sure. I mean, it's the way we innovate at AWS. You know, we, we start simple and we, and we build up features. We listen to customers and we learn as we go along, we try and move as quickly as possible. So since going public in, uh, in, in August, we've actually had a string of releases, uh, pretty consistent, um, delivering new features. So we try to tie not the integration with the platform. Customers have told us really very early on that they, they don't just want to play with the technology. They want to figure out how to, how to envisage a production quantum computing service, how it might look, you know, in the context of a broad cloud platform with AWS. So we've, uh, we launched some integration with, uh, other AWS capabilities around security, managing limits, quotas, tagging resources, that type of thing, things that are familiar to, uh, to, to, to current AWS users. >>Uh, we launched some new hardware. Uh, all of our partners D-Wave launched some, uh, uh, you know, a 5,000 cubit machine, uh, just in September. Uh, so we made that available on bracket the same day that they launched that hardware, which was very cool. Um, you know, we've made it, uh, we've, we've made it easier for researchers. We've been, you know, impressed how many academics and researchers have used the service, not just large corporations. Um, they want to have really deep access to these machines. They want to program these things at a low level. So we launched some features, uh, to enable them to do their research, but reinvent, we were really focused on two things, um, simulators and making it much easier to use, uh, hybrid systems systems that, uh, incorporate classical compute, traditional digital computing with quantum machinery, um, in the vein that follow some of the liens that we've seen, uh, in machine learning. >>So, uh, simulators are important. They're a very important part of, uh, learning how to use concepts, computers. They're always available 24, seven they're super convenient to use. And of course they're critical in verifying the accuracy of the results that we get from quantum hardware. When we launched the service behind free simulator for customers to help debug their circuits and experiments quickly, um, but simulating large experiments and large systems is a real challenge on classical computers. You know, it, wasn't hard on classical. Uh, then you wouldn't need a quantum computer. That's the whole point. So running large simulations, you know, is expensive in terms of resources. It's complicated. Uh, we launched a pretty powerful simulator, uh, back in August, which we thought at the time was always powerful managed. Quantum stimulates circuit handled 34 cubits, and it reinvented last week, we launched a new simulator, which actually the first managed simulator to use tensor network technology. >>And it can run up to 50 cubits. So we think is, we think is probably the most powerful, uh, managed quantum simulator on the market today. And customers can flip easily between either using real quantum hardware or either of our, uh, stimulators just by changing a line of code. Um, the other thing we launched was the ability to run these hybrid systems. You know, quantum computers will get more, no don't get onto in a moment is, uh, today's computers are very imperfect, you know, lots of errors. Um, we working, obviously the industry towards fault-tolerant machines and Fernando can talk about some research papers that were published in that area, but right now the machines are far from perfect. And, uh, and the way that we can try to squeeze as much value out of these devices today is to run them in tandem with classical systems. >>We think of the notion of a self-learning quantum algorithm, where you use a classical optimization techniques, such as we see machine learning to tweak and tune the parameters of a quantum algorithm to try and iterate and converge on the best answer and try and overcome some of these issues surrounding errors. That's a lot of moving parts to orchestrate for customers, a lot of different systems, a lot of different programming techniques. And we wanted to make that much easier. We've been impressed with a, a, an open projects, been around for a couple of years, uh, called penny lane after the Beatles song. And, um, so we wanted to double down on that. We were getting a lot of positive feedback from customers about the penny lane talk it, so we decided to, uh, uh, make it a first class citizen on bracket, make it available as a native feature, uh, in our, uh, in our Jupiter notebooks and our tutorials learning examples, um, that open source project has very similar, um, guiding principles that we do, you know, it's open, it's cross platform, it's technology agnostic, and we thought he was a great fit to the service. >>So we, uh, we announced that and made it available to customers and, uh, and, and, uh, already getting great feedback. So, uh, you know, finishing the finishing the year strongly, I think, um, looking forward to 2021, you know, looking forward to some really cool technology it's on the horizon, uh, from a hardware point of view, making it easy to use, um, you know, and always, obviously trying to work back from customer problems. And so congratulations on the success. I'm sure it's not hard to hire people interested, at least finding qualified people it'd be different, but, you know, sign me up. I love quantum great people, Fernando real quick, understanding the relationship with Caltech unique to Amazon. Um, tell us how that fits into the, into this, >>Uh, right. John S no, as I was saying, it's it's early days, uh, for, for quantum computing, uh, and to make progress, uh, in abreast, uh, put together a team of experts, right. To work both on, on find new use cases of quantum computing and also, uh, building more powerful, uh, quantum hardware. Uh, so the AWS center for quantum computing is based at Caltech. Uh, and, and this comes from the belief of AWS that, uh, in quantum computing is key to, uh, to keep close, to stay close of like fresh ideas and to the latest scientific developments. Right. And Caltech is if you're near one computing. So what's the ideal place for doing that? Uh, so in the center, we, we put together researchers and engineers, uh, from computer science, physics, and other subjects, uh, from Amazon, but also from all the academic institutions, uh, of course some context, but we also have Stanford and university of Chicago, uh, among others. So we broke wrongs, uh, in the beauty for AWS and for quantum computer in the summer, uh, and under construction right now. Uh, but, uh, as we speak, John, the team is busy, uh, uh, you know, getting stuff in, in temporary lab space that we have at cottage. >>Awesome. Great. And real quick, I know we've got some time pressure here, but you published some new research, give a quick a plug for the new research. Tell us about that. >>Um, right. So, so, you know, as part of the effort or the integration for one company, uh, we are developing a new cubix, uh, which we choose a combination of acoustic and electric components. So this kind of hybrid Aquacel execute, it has the promise for a much smaller footprint, think about like a few microliters and much longer storage times, like up to settlements, uh, which, which is a big improvement over the scale of the arts sort of writing all export based cubits, but that's not the whole story, right? On six, if you have a good security should make good use of it. Uh, so what we did in this paper, they were just put out, uh, is, is a proposal for an architecture of how to build a scalable quantum computer using these cubits. So we found from our analysis that we can get more than a 10 X overheads in the resources required from URI, a universal thought around quantum computer. >>Uh, so what are these resources? This is like a smaller number of physical cubits. Uh, this is a smaller footprint is, uh, fewer control lines in like a smaller approach and a consistent, right. And, and these are all like, uh, I think this is a solid contribution. Uh, no, it's a theoretical analysis, right? So, so the, uh, the experimental development has to come, but I think this is a solid contribution in the big challenge of scaling up this quantum systems. Uh, so, so, so John, as we speak like, uh, data blessed in the, for quantum computing is, uh, working on the experimental development of this, uh, a highly adequacy architecture, but we also keep exploring other promising ways of doing scalable quantum computers and eventually, uh, to bring a more powerful computer resources to AWS customers. >>It's kind of like machine learning and data science, the smartest people work on it. Then you democratize that. I can see where this is going. Um, Richard real quick, um, for people who want to get involved and participate or consume, what do they do? Give us the playbook real quick. Uh, so simple, just go to the AWS console and kind of log onto the, to the bracket, uh, bracket console, jump in, you know, uh, create, um, create a Jupiter notebook, pull down some of our sample, uh, applications run through the notebook and program a quantum computer. It's literally that simple. There's plenty of tutorials. It's easy to get started, you know, classic cloud style right now from commitment. Jump in, start simple, get going. We want you to go quantum. You can't go back, go quantum. You can't go back to regular computing. I think people will be running concert classical systems in parallel for quite some time. So yeah, this is the, this is definitely not a one way door. You know, you go explore quantum computing and see how it fits into, uh, >>You know, into the, into solving some of the problems that you wanted to solve in the future. But definitely this is not a replacement technology. This is a complimentary technology. >>It's great. It's a great innovation. It's kind of intoxicating technically to get, think about the benefits Fernando, Richard, thanks for coming on. It's really exciting. I'm looking forward to keeping up keeping track of the progress. Thanks for coming on the cube coverage of reinvent, quantum computing going the next level coexisting building on top of the shoulders of other giant technologies. This is where the computing wave is going. It's different. It's impacting people's lives. This is the cube coverage of re-invent. Thanks for watching.

>> from the Cosmopolitan Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. It's the Cube covering Cooper inspired 2019. Brought to You by Cooper. >> Welcome to the cue from Cooper inspired 19 at the Cosmopolitan in Las Vegas. I'm Lisa Martin, and I'm very pleased and honored to be joined by Dr Deepak Chopra, world renowned pioneer in integrative medicine and personal transformation. Doctor Chopper. What a pleasure to have you on a huge It's wonderful to be with. So here we are Ready Technology conference. I know you talk a lot of different types of guns, and if we look at technology these days, we can't get up without it, right? It's our alarm clock in the morning. We're listening to podcasts or radio dot Thomas. We're getting ready for work. It's an essential component of our allies, but also something that if you look on the other side, it's bombarding us constantly with opportunities to talk to this person or to buy this or that as an expert in the human brain and consciousness were some of the observations that you've seen where way can really tie together technology to help us be more mindful. >> My first world, you have to realize that technology is our creation in my opinion technologies, actually an aspect of human evolution it's now happening is part of a revolution. It's also an aspect of cultural evolution. So when you say we're constantly bombarded by it, that implies a certain element of victimization by our own creation. So we don't need to do that. You know, technologies neutral. You can hack with it. You can mess up in election with it, you can cause destruction with it. You can increase inflammation in the body with it by sending somebody an emoticon that is upsetting to them. Or you can use technology to heal yourself on. Ultimately heal the ecosystem and the world. So, personally, I am a big fan of technology. If you don't relate to technology, you will become irrelevant. That's a Darwinian principle. Either you adapt and use it or they're not. >> That's a really interesting way of putting it. You're right. If you're not using it and adopting it and being receptive to the positive changes that it can bring in our lives, you will be irrelevant. What are some of your recommendations for people everyday people to be able to use it for just getting more center rather than protect my email. I have attacks. I have to respond to my >> so my push the activity Every days I have technology time, morning and afternoon. Have relationship game. Have meditation time, healthy eating time have playtime, recreation time have slipped out. So whenever you're doing something, you do it with full awareness. Whether it's technology speaking to another person, the most important activity in your life is what you're doing. Right now. The most important person in your life is the one in front of you Right now. Most of one thing to do with technologies to be fully engaged only when you're doing not, otherwise, schedule it. >> I love that. I love that you have all of these great times. A scheduled part of mutes wondered how much of this is psychological about actually controlling yourself? That's sort of common sense, but it's also in this day and age one of the hardest things to do here we are at a conference about business Spend management, where Cooper is talking to their businesses and every industry about you need to have control over your budget over your spend. It's sort of the same thing with technology. How do we actually use it to establish those schedules established that control that allows to take advantage of it also allows us to sit back, relax and enjoy the Now, >> you know, I don't like the word control, obviously. Okay, My word for that is be aware. So be aware of yourself and be aware of the fact that everything that's happening to you in the world is reflection of yourself. So if you find the world insane that question your sanity if you find the world melodramatic, hysterical question, your aspect of melodrama and his Syria, if you find the world centre, it's because your center and so the Boston born thing is self awareness, period >> like that and you're right. That's a >> much more you for Mr Ward, then control awareness. It's It's a more peaceful, I think, More action taking word. So I listened. T you started a podcast series this year. Infinite potential. So I know that you're not only using technology to continue reaching the folks who've been following you for many years, but now a new audience getting to tell stories in a different way. And I heard a two part podcast years where you were talking about a I and so one of the things that I wanted to talk to you about is this deep. So how are you leveraging a I to share your daily reflections, reach a bigger audience and help us become more aware? >> So my personal interest all my life as you mentioned, is well being personal transformation. I'm using deep learning, artificial intelligence, augmented immersive experiences, virtual reality, biological feedback, neuro plasticity, epi, genetics, all as a means for well being and personal transformation. So the future well being is very precise. It's very personalized because no two people react to the same similares, whether it's a diet or a compliment or in a front in the same way artificial intelligence can. If you want, help me know everything about you. Everything, how your mind works, how your emotions work, how your body works and the relationship with that. So one of the things I'm examining right now is 2,000,000 jeans in our body which are not human, which microbial is called the microbe microbiome. It's actually as significant as human genes in determining your state of well being by analyzing the microbiome through artificial intelligence and deep learning. You can killer well being interventions very personally and very predictably and, of course, requiring your participation. You become your own healer of co healer in the sense artificial intelligence for deep leading off gene expression. Not just jeans. Because genes are not now owns their verbs. What are they doing? What are they up to right now? The genes that are responsible for healing active are the genes that are responsible for inflammation or disease Inactive. What most of your audience may not know is that only 5% of genetic mutations that give rise to disease fully penetrate, which means only 5%. Which means the guarantee. The disease. If you have ah Braca gene for breast cancer, you're going to get breast cancer for that. Also, new technologies like Christmas you'll be able to read the barcode of a gene, cut the hunt footed or deleting harmful Julin Jean insert the healthy, and so that will solve that problem. And it's happening very soon. It's in the works, but 95% of illness, even with the genetic mutations that predispose you to a less, are not predictable dependent on your lifestyle. Now it was in the past. You couldn't measure that. Today you can. You can measure sleep. You can measure dream, sleep deep sleep. You can measure exercise. You can measure heart rate variability. You can measure gene expression and you can digitize the whole thing. So with that, we have an amazing new frontier in medicine. The three dimensional model of pharmaceuticals has very limited application, only an acute illness. The future off treatment even will be through technology. So in five years you go to a doctor's office. They might give you a V R session instead of writing a prescription. >> Well, in a lot of advanced technologies are being utilized now in medicine, seeing a doctor virtually through computer, exactly telemedicine being able to treat more people faster. But it's like were in >> the first minute of on there if I >> were in the in the puberty. Yeah, you know, puberty is a time of challenge, and >> true and and >> so were the adolescence of our use of technology is getting richer. >> So when we look at all of the applications for the emerging technologies that you mentioned it so much good that can happen, we can become so much more aware of our own and take don't take control. I know you don't like that word, but take ownership, Influence, Influence Yes, >> if we look at some of the negative consequences of artificial intelligence machine learning. I was fascinated by your podcast with Christopher Whitely and how incredibly potent Cambridge Analytica waas in changing the course of American history. >> And it could ruin democracy. Yes, So we need to have surveillance. We need to have, you know, chords for keeping it secure. Yes. So even these problems, by the way, can be solved by technologies >> they can. It's sort of a catch >> 22 isn't it? >> Yes, but the same time here we are, freely as just consumers. And one of the things that Cooper is talking about is making a purchasing decision, making buying management in business. As easy as it is for us consumers, you know you need something, you go on amazon dot com and there is click to buy. It shows up so quickly you've forgotten what you ordered. It's like your birthday. So there are so many advantages. At the same time, it's creating a lot of challenges with >> this conversation is going to help solve those challenges because the more we have this conversation in social media, in education facilities, even an entertainment, we're writing a new story together. >> And that story is that narrative is so powerful. Yes, absolutely. You're right. It's everything but going back to your word awareness. That's what So money, whatever the causes, really needs to have us that consistent. It's not just saying it a few times here. They're on different media, right? It's not consistent, >> consistent messaging. And in my mind that messaging is one thing. It's been my mission statement for the last 35 years. Way have to accelerate collective consciousness in the direction of a more peaceful, just sustainable, healthier and joyful work. We have to eliminate war. We have to eliminate equal destruction. We have to eliminate to climate change way have the technology to do it. But now we need to harness the collective intelligence, the collective creativity and the collective impulse for love and compassion to technology, and we'll do it. >> I like that. You sound very definitive. We will do it first, though some of those naysayers who don't believe climate change Israel, for example, How do you advise whether it's a government organization for people to start looking at? Use the technology? Look at the data, start being receptive to the fact that changes happening. But we could harness the power of it for so many good application. >> It was in this year's. It's not without arguing with them on. Data helps, but scientific data never changed a broader revolution. You need data. You need science, which you need collective emotional connection. If you don't have that emotional and spiritual connection, if you don't see that the air is your breath. If you don't see that the rivers and waters in the ocean are your circulation. If you don't see that the earth is recycling is your body. If you don't see that what we call the environment is their extended body. You have a personal body and the university body, and if you're not emotionally tied to that, then scientific did does >> such an interesting concept. We just think, Well, the data's there, it shows this. Therefore, it is what you're saying. We have to have an emotional connection. >> Yes, data by itself, science were itself faxed by itself. Don't change the world. But when facts are tied to an emotional story, everything changes. >> So, wrapping things up here, I know that you are working to create a diversion of Dr Deepak Chopra that will live forever that will be able to continue to inspire. Many generations >> have been working on this. It's actually a stealth project, so I can't give details. But I've been working on this for more than a year now, and where we are is I will soon have a version of myself, my mind twin that will know everything that I've ever said. But we'll also through deep learning, continue to learn and we lived for generations are from gone or perhaps eternally and we'll communicate with the world even when I'm physically nor president and because it will be learning as we go along and incorporating everything into my take on what is reality. What is fundamental reality, what is consciousness? It will be much smarter than I am. >> So you think that a I and consciousness are really going to be able Thio merge together to continue to evolve rather than you think about a way I take stated from the past and the present to try to predict the future. But you see them as living some bio symbiotically, eh? I >> do. But we have to be careful here will never have subjective consciousness. Okay? Never. It may replicate insight and intuition and creativity and even vision, but it won't be able to fall in love. >> That's good. I was a little worried about that on >> it will not be able to address experientially what comes from, um, meditation and other reflective enquiries that transcend human thought. So, you know, science is a system of thought, just like mythology, religion, philosophy, theology, our systems of thought. No system of thought can actually access reality till you go to the source of thought, which is consciousness >> source thought. Dr. Deepak Chopra. What a pleasure to have you on the Cube. Thank you so much for joining me this morning. I know you've got to get off your keynote, but it was very much a pleasure. >> Thank you. My pleasure. >> Excellent for Dr Deepak Chopra. I'm Lisa Martin. You're watching the Cube from Cooper inspired 19. Thanks for watching